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Formula Feeding Is Associated with Rapid Weight Gain between 6 and 12 Months of Age: Highlighting the Importance of Developing Specific Recommendations to Prevent Overfeeding
We examined differences in mean daily calorie intake and rapid weight gain risk among 6- to 12-month-old infants by milk feeding status: breastmilk only, breastmilk and formula (combined), or formula only. Another objective was to determine what frequency and amount of formula fed were associated wi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764785 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15184004 |
Sumario: | We examined differences in mean daily calorie intake and rapid weight gain risk among 6- to 12-month-old infants by milk feeding status: breastmilk only, breastmilk and formula (combined), or formula only. Another objective was to determine what frequency and amount of formula fed were associated with overfeeding among infants. Mother–infant dyads (n = 240) were recruited from a pediatric clinic mainly serving Medicaid recipients. At 6, 9, and 12 months of infants’ age, 24 h feeding recalls were conducted using the multiple-pass method. Infant weight measurements were accessed from clinic records to estimate rapid weight gain between 6 and 12 months. Among the participants, 82% received WIC. More than half of the participants were either African American or Latino by race/ethnicity. Calorie intake among formula-only fed infants was higher than in the other two milk feeding groups. One-fourth of the infants were experiencing rapid weight gain, and the risk was 3-fold higher among formula-only fed infants. Exceeding daily calorie requirements or overfeeding was associated with both formula amount and the frequency of feeding (p < 0.01). Specific guidelines and education on formula feeding practices are critical to prevent accelerated growth among infants. Gaining further understanding on parenting style and formula feeding practices is also warranted. |
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