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Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021

We investigated humoral immune responses in 222 unvaccinated Japanese people after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2021. Anti-spike-protein IgG antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titers were measured in serum samples obtained within 20–1...

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Autores principales: Monzen, Koshiro, Watanabe, Takanori, Okabe, Toshihiro, Sekino, Hisakuni, Nakagami, Hironori, Morishita, Ryuichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091842
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author Monzen, Koshiro
Watanabe, Takanori
Okabe, Toshihiro
Sekino, Hisakuni
Nakagami, Hironori
Morishita, Ryuichi
author_facet Monzen, Koshiro
Watanabe, Takanori
Okabe, Toshihiro
Sekino, Hisakuni
Nakagami, Hironori
Morishita, Ryuichi
author_sort Monzen, Koshiro
collection PubMed
description We investigated humoral immune responses in 222 unvaccinated Japanese people after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2021. Anti-spike-protein IgG antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titers were measured in serum samples obtained within 20–180 days after diagnosis. The geometric mean of antibody titers was 1555 ELU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1257–1923), and the neutralizing activity (50% inhibitory dilution) was 253 (95% CI = 204–313). The antibody titer and neutralizing activity both increased with increasing disease severity, and both values were approximately fourfold higher for hospitalized patients than for non-hospitalized patients. However, these differences were smaller in older patients. The humoral immune response, which increased with increasing disease severity, gradually decreased over time after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most patients with mild or moderate symptoms sustained neutralizing activity for up to 180 days after the infection; the decay of the neutralizing activity in the asymptomatic patients was rather faster than in the other groups. Around 11.7% (26/222) of patients had very low neutralizing activity, and half of these were aged in their 20s. Our study’s results show the importance of measuring the neutralizing activity to confirm the immune status and to estimate the timing of vaccines.
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spelling pubmed-105365072023-09-29 Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021 Monzen, Koshiro Watanabe, Takanori Okabe, Toshihiro Sekino, Hisakuni Nakagami, Hironori Morishita, Ryuichi Viruses Article We investigated humoral immune responses in 222 unvaccinated Japanese people after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2021. Anti-spike-protein IgG antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titers were measured in serum samples obtained within 20–180 days after diagnosis. The geometric mean of antibody titers was 1555 ELU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1257–1923), and the neutralizing activity (50% inhibitory dilution) was 253 (95% CI = 204–313). The antibody titer and neutralizing activity both increased with increasing disease severity, and both values were approximately fourfold higher for hospitalized patients than for non-hospitalized patients. However, these differences were smaller in older patients. The humoral immune response, which increased with increasing disease severity, gradually decreased over time after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most patients with mild or moderate symptoms sustained neutralizing activity for up to 180 days after the infection; the decay of the neutralizing activity in the asymptomatic patients was rather faster than in the other groups. Around 11.7% (26/222) of patients had very low neutralizing activity, and half of these were aged in their 20s. Our study’s results show the importance of measuring the neutralizing activity to confirm the immune status and to estimate the timing of vaccines. MDPI 2023-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10536507/ /pubmed/37766249 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091842 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Monzen, Koshiro
Watanabe, Takanori
Okabe, Toshihiro
Sekino, Hisakuni
Nakagami, Hironori
Morishita, Ryuichi
Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title_full Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title_fullStr Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title_full_unstemmed Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title_short Acquisition of Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Japanese People with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in 2021
title_sort acquisition of humoral immune responses in convalescent japanese people with sars-cov-2 (covid-19) infection in 2021
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536507/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091842
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