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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador

Bovine brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic contagious disease. According to World Animal Health Information System reports Ecuador has presented an increasing number of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in the continental territory over the past years (756 in 2018 versus 964 in 2021), generating economic...

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Autores principales: Garrido-Haro, Ana, Barrionuevo-Samaniego, Margoth, Moreno-Caballeros, Paola, Burbano-Enriquez, Alexandra, Sánchez-Vázquez, Manuel J., Pompei, Julio, Humblet, Marie-France, Ron-Román, Jorge, Saegerman, Claude
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764942
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091134
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author Garrido-Haro, Ana
Barrionuevo-Samaniego, Margoth
Moreno-Caballeros, Paola
Burbano-Enriquez, Alexandra
Sánchez-Vázquez, Manuel J.
Pompei, Julio
Humblet, Marie-France
Ron-Román, Jorge
Saegerman, Claude
author_facet Garrido-Haro, Ana
Barrionuevo-Samaniego, Margoth
Moreno-Caballeros, Paola
Burbano-Enriquez, Alexandra
Sánchez-Vázquez, Manuel J.
Pompei, Julio
Humblet, Marie-France
Ron-Román, Jorge
Saegerman, Claude
author_sort Garrido-Haro, Ana
collection PubMed
description Bovine brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic contagious disease. According to World Animal Health Information System reports Ecuador has presented an increasing number of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in the continental territory over the past years (756 in 2018 versus 964 in 2021), generating economic losses for producers and causing a risk to public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and associated risk or protective factors between May and June 2018. This stratified random study was implemented in 290 cattle herds located in the 23 provinces of continental Ecuador, which represents a total of 3737 cows aged 24 months or older. A competitive ELISA was used to detect Brucella antibodies. Simultaneously, an epidemiological survey was implemented to assess the brucellosis risk or protective factors. The apparent prevalence of bovine brucellosis at the herd level was 21.3% (95% CI: 16.8–26.6) and 6.2% (95% CI: 5.5–7) at the animal level. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the potential factors associated with the presence of bovine brucellosis. The risk factors identified after multivariate analysis were a surface in ha per herd > 70 ha (OR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.18–6.32) and the number of parturitions per animal (two or more with OR ≥ 1.8 and p-value ≤ 0.047). On the contrary, the protective factors were the region (farms located in the eastern region) and the absence of reported clinical signs. In addition, in herds where extensive production predominates, farmers have a low level of knowledge, and the farm biosecurity level is low. These results can guide the authorities in managing the risk factors identified, understanding the current epidemiological situation in Ecuador, improving the bovine brucellosis control program and food safety, as well as increase the one-health approach.
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spelling pubmed-105366722023-09-29 Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador Garrido-Haro, Ana Barrionuevo-Samaniego, Margoth Moreno-Caballeros, Paola Burbano-Enriquez, Alexandra Sánchez-Vázquez, Manuel J. Pompei, Julio Humblet, Marie-France Ron-Román, Jorge Saegerman, Claude Pathogens Article Bovine brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic contagious disease. According to World Animal Health Information System reports Ecuador has presented an increasing number of bovine brucellosis outbreaks in the continental territory over the past years (756 in 2018 versus 964 in 2021), generating economic losses for producers and causing a risk to public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and associated risk or protective factors between May and June 2018. This stratified random study was implemented in 290 cattle herds located in the 23 provinces of continental Ecuador, which represents a total of 3737 cows aged 24 months or older. A competitive ELISA was used to detect Brucella antibodies. Simultaneously, an epidemiological survey was implemented to assess the brucellosis risk or protective factors. The apparent prevalence of bovine brucellosis at the herd level was 21.3% (95% CI: 16.8–26.6) and 6.2% (95% CI: 5.5–7) at the animal level. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the potential factors associated with the presence of bovine brucellosis. The risk factors identified after multivariate analysis were a surface in ha per herd > 70 ha (OR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.18–6.32) and the number of parturitions per animal (two or more with OR ≥ 1.8 and p-value ≤ 0.047). On the contrary, the protective factors were the region (farms located in the eastern region) and the absence of reported clinical signs. In addition, in herds where extensive production predominates, farmers have a low level of knowledge, and the farm biosecurity level is low. These results can guide the authorities in managing the risk factors identified, understanding the current epidemiological situation in Ecuador, improving the bovine brucellosis control program and food safety, as well as increase the one-health approach. MDPI 2023-09-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10536672/ /pubmed/37764942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091134 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Garrido-Haro, Ana
Barrionuevo-Samaniego, Margoth
Moreno-Caballeros, Paola
Burbano-Enriquez, Alexandra
Sánchez-Vázquez, Manuel J.
Pompei, Julio
Humblet, Marie-France
Ron-Román, Jorge
Saegerman, Claude
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title_full Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title_fullStr Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title_full_unstemmed Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title_short Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Related to Bovine Brucellosis in Continental Ecuador
title_sort seroprevalence and risk factors related to bovine brucellosis in continental ecuador
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764942
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091134
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