Revolutionizing Nanotechnology with Filago desertorum Extracts: Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Exhibiting Potent Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities

[Image: see text] In this study, we described the environmentally friendly biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing ethanolic extract of Filago desertorum (F. desertorum) as a capping and reducing agent. We also looked at the antioxidant and antibacterial capacities of AgNPs. In order to determine the size, shape, and crystallinity of the created AgNPs, the current project was designed to produce AgNPs utilizing the crude extract of the F. desertorum. The effectiveness of the project was evaluated by UV–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. AgNPs are monodispersed and spherical and have 50 nm average particle diameters, as determined using Image J software calculations and SEM observation. Four significant peaks from an XRD study, located at 38.46, 44.63, 64.81, and 77.74 nm, were used to calculate the average crystalline size of AgNPs which was reported to be 15 nm. In the crude extract of F. desertorum, it is possible to see the functional group peaks of a number of substances that are essential for bioreduction and the stability of the AgNPs. Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of AgNPs in vitro (DPPH, ABTS, H2O2, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric reducing power) were examined using conventional methods. The AgNPs showed maximum DPPH (72.51% with IC50 = 144.61 μg/mL), ABTS (75.24% with IC50 = 131.21 μg/mL), hydrogen peroxide (73.33% with IC50 = 115.05 μg/mL), phosphomolybdenum activity (73.43% with IC50 = 75.25 μg/mL), and observing reducing power (0.25) at a concentration of 250 g/mL. Inhibition by the AgNPs against the bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus was greatest (12 mm). According to the current findings, AgNPs produced by F. desertorum have the highest potential for free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity, which can result in antioxidant and antibiotic agents.