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IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Fish is one of the “big nine” foods triggering allergic reactions. For this reason, fish allergens must be accurately specified on food labels. Fish allergy affects less than 1% of the world population, but a higher prevalence is observed in pediatric cohorts, up to 7%. Parvalbumin is the main fish...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537060/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091651 |
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author | Mastrorilli, Carla Arasi, Stefania Barni, Simona Caimmi, Davide Chiera, Fernanda Comberiati, Pasquale Dinardo, Giulio Giannetti, Arianna Gismondi, Marco Gracci, Serena Paravati, Francesco Pelosi, Umberto Miraglia Del Giudice, Michele Bernardini, Roberto Pecoraro, Luca |
author_facet | Mastrorilli, Carla Arasi, Stefania Barni, Simona Caimmi, Davide Chiera, Fernanda Comberiati, Pasquale Dinardo, Giulio Giannetti, Arianna Gismondi, Marco Gracci, Serena Paravati, Francesco Pelosi, Umberto Miraglia Del Giudice, Michele Bernardini, Roberto Pecoraro, Luca |
author_sort | Mastrorilli, Carla |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fish is one of the “big nine” foods triggering allergic reactions. For this reason, fish allergens must be accurately specified on food labels. Fish allergy affects less than 1% of the world population, but a higher prevalence is observed in pediatric cohorts, up to 7%. Parvalbumin is the main fish allergen found in the muscles. In childhood, sensitization to fish allergens occurs most frequently through the ingestion of fish, rarely transcutaneously or by inhalation. Fish allergy symptoms usually appear within two hours of the allergen contact. The diagnosis begins with the collection of the history. If it is suggestive of fish allergy, prick tests or the measurement of serum-specific IgE should be performed to confirm the suspicion. The oral food challenge is the gold standard for the diagnosis. It is not recommended in case of a severe allergic reaction. It is important to make a differential diagnosis with anisakiasis or scombroid poisoning, which have overlapping clinical features but differ in pathogenesis. Traditionally, managing fish allergy involves avoiding the triggering species (sometimes all bony fish species) and requires an action plan for accidental exposures. The present review will analyze IgE- and non-IgE-mediated fish allergy in children from epidemiology, pathogenesis to clinical features. Moreover, clinical management will be addressed with a particular focus on potential nutritional deficiencies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10537060 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105370602023-09-29 IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Mastrorilli, Carla Arasi, Stefania Barni, Simona Caimmi, Davide Chiera, Fernanda Comberiati, Pasquale Dinardo, Giulio Giannetti, Arianna Gismondi, Marco Gracci, Serena Paravati, Francesco Pelosi, Umberto Miraglia Del Giudice, Michele Bernardini, Roberto Pecoraro, Luca Medicina (Kaunas) Review Fish is one of the “big nine” foods triggering allergic reactions. For this reason, fish allergens must be accurately specified on food labels. Fish allergy affects less than 1% of the world population, but a higher prevalence is observed in pediatric cohorts, up to 7%. Parvalbumin is the main fish allergen found in the muscles. In childhood, sensitization to fish allergens occurs most frequently through the ingestion of fish, rarely transcutaneously or by inhalation. Fish allergy symptoms usually appear within two hours of the allergen contact. The diagnosis begins with the collection of the history. If it is suggestive of fish allergy, prick tests or the measurement of serum-specific IgE should be performed to confirm the suspicion. The oral food challenge is the gold standard for the diagnosis. It is not recommended in case of a severe allergic reaction. It is important to make a differential diagnosis with anisakiasis or scombroid poisoning, which have overlapping clinical features but differ in pathogenesis. Traditionally, managing fish allergy involves avoiding the triggering species (sometimes all bony fish species) and requires an action plan for accidental exposures. The present review will analyze IgE- and non-IgE-mediated fish allergy in children from epidemiology, pathogenesis to clinical features. Moreover, clinical management will be addressed with a particular focus on potential nutritional deficiencies. MDPI 2023-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10537060/ /pubmed/37763770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091651 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mastrorilli, Carla Arasi, Stefania Barni, Simona Caimmi, Davide Chiera, Fernanda Comberiati, Pasquale Dinardo, Giulio Giannetti, Arianna Gismondi, Marco Gracci, Serena Paravati, Francesco Pelosi, Umberto Miraglia Del Giudice, Michele Bernardini, Roberto Pecoraro, Luca IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title | IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title_full | IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title_fullStr | IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title_full_unstemmed | IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title_short | IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach—A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology |
title_sort | ige-mediated and non-ige-mediated fish allergy in pediatric age: a holistic approach—a consensus by diagnostic commission of the italian society of pediatric allergy and immunology |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537060/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37763770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091651 |
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