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Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection

Ebola virus is a zoonotic pathogen with a geographic range covering diverse ecosystems that are home to many potential reservoir species. Although researchers have detected Ebola virus RNA and serological evidence of previous infection in different rodents and bats, the infectious virus has not been...

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Autores principales: Garnett, Lauren, Tran, Kaylie N., Schiffman, Zachary, Muise, Kristina A., Fletcher, Quinn E., Dzal, Yvonne A., Leung, Anders, Albietz, Alix, Warner, Bryce M., Griffin, Bryan D., Kobasa, Darwyn, Willis, Craig K. R., Strong, James E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091827
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author Garnett, Lauren
Tran, Kaylie N.
Schiffman, Zachary
Muise, Kristina A.
Fletcher, Quinn E.
Dzal, Yvonne A.
Leung, Anders
Albietz, Alix
Warner, Bryce M.
Griffin, Bryan D.
Kobasa, Darwyn
Willis, Craig K. R.
Strong, James E.
author_facet Garnett, Lauren
Tran, Kaylie N.
Schiffman, Zachary
Muise, Kristina A.
Fletcher, Quinn E.
Dzal, Yvonne A.
Leung, Anders
Albietz, Alix
Warner, Bryce M.
Griffin, Bryan D.
Kobasa, Darwyn
Willis, Craig K. R.
Strong, James E.
author_sort Garnett, Lauren
collection PubMed
description Ebola virus is a zoonotic pathogen with a geographic range covering diverse ecosystems that are home to many potential reservoir species. Although researchers have detected Ebola virus RNA and serological evidence of previous infection in different rodents and bats, the infectious virus has not been isolated. The field is missing critical knowledge about where the virus is maintained between outbreaks, either because the virus is rarely encountered, overlooked during sampling, and/or requires specific unknown conditions that regulate viral expression. This study assessed adipose tissue as a previously overlooked tissue capable of supporting Ebola virus infection. Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ helping to regulate and coordinate homeostasis, energy metabolism, and neuroendocrine and immune functions. Through in vitro infection of human and bat (Eptesicus fuscus) brown adipose tissue cultures using wild-type Ebola virus, this study showed high levels of viral replication for 28 days with no qualitative indicators of cytopathic effects. In addition, alterations in adipocyte metabolism following long-term infection were qualitatively observed through an increase in lipid droplet number while decreasing in size, a harbinger of lipolysis or adipocyte browning. The finding that bat and human adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola virus infection has important implications for potential tissue tropisms that have not yet been investigated. Additionally, the findings suggest how the metabolism of this tissue may play a role in pathogenesis, viral transmission, and/or zoonotic spillover events.
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spelling pubmed-105371862023-09-29 Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection Garnett, Lauren Tran, Kaylie N. Schiffman, Zachary Muise, Kristina A. Fletcher, Quinn E. Dzal, Yvonne A. Leung, Anders Albietz, Alix Warner, Bryce M. Griffin, Bryan D. Kobasa, Darwyn Willis, Craig K. R. Strong, James E. Viruses Article Ebola virus is a zoonotic pathogen with a geographic range covering diverse ecosystems that are home to many potential reservoir species. Although researchers have detected Ebola virus RNA and serological evidence of previous infection in different rodents and bats, the infectious virus has not been isolated. The field is missing critical knowledge about where the virus is maintained between outbreaks, either because the virus is rarely encountered, overlooked during sampling, and/or requires specific unknown conditions that regulate viral expression. This study assessed adipose tissue as a previously overlooked tissue capable of supporting Ebola virus infection. Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ helping to regulate and coordinate homeostasis, energy metabolism, and neuroendocrine and immune functions. Through in vitro infection of human and bat (Eptesicus fuscus) brown adipose tissue cultures using wild-type Ebola virus, this study showed high levels of viral replication for 28 days with no qualitative indicators of cytopathic effects. In addition, alterations in adipocyte metabolism following long-term infection were qualitatively observed through an increase in lipid droplet number while decreasing in size, a harbinger of lipolysis or adipocyte browning. The finding that bat and human adipocytes are susceptible to Ebola virus infection has important implications for potential tissue tropisms that have not yet been investigated. Additionally, the findings suggest how the metabolism of this tissue may play a role in pathogenesis, viral transmission, and/or zoonotic spillover events. MDPI 2023-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10537186/ /pubmed/37766234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091827 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Garnett, Lauren
Tran, Kaylie N.
Schiffman, Zachary
Muise, Kristina A.
Fletcher, Quinn E.
Dzal, Yvonne A.
Leung, Anders
Albietz, Alix
Warner, Bryce M.
Griffin, Bryan D.
Kobasa, Darwyn
Willis, Craig K. R.
Strong, James E.
Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title_full Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title_fullStr Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title_full_unstemmed Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title_short Adipose Tissues from Human and Bat-Derived Cell Lines Support Ebola Virus Infection
title_sort adipose tissues from human and bat-derived cell lines support ebola virus infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766234
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091827
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