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Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant
The factors controlling linear growth and weight gain in the human fetus and newborn infant are poorly understood. We review here the changes in linear growth, weight gain, lean body mass, and fat mass during mid- and late gestation and the early postnatal period in the context of changes in the sec...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764824 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15184041 |
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author | Page, Laura Younge, Noelle Freemark, Michael |
author_facet | Page, Laura Younge, Noelle Freemark, Michael |
author_sort | Page, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | The factors controlling linear growth and weight gain in the human fetus and newborn infant are poorly understood. We review here the changes in linear growth, weight gain, lean body mass, and fat mass during mid- and late gestation and the early postnatal period in the context of changes in the secretion and action of maternal, placental, fetal, and neonatal hormones, growth factors, and adipocytokines. We assess the effects of hormonal determinants on placental nutrient delivery and the impact of preterm delivery on hormone expression and postnatal growth and metabolic function. We then discuss the effects of various maternal disorders and nutritional and pharmacologic interventions on fetal and perinatal hormone and growth factor production, growth, and fat deposition and consider important unresolved questions in the field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10537367 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105373672023-09-29 Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant Page, Laura Younge, Noelle Freemark, Michael Nutrients Review The factors controlling linear growth and weight gain in the human fetus and newborn infant are poorly understood. We review here the changes in linear growth, weight gain, lean body mass, and fat mass during mid- and late gestation and the early postnatal period in the context of changes in the secretion and action of maternal, placental, fetal, and neonatal hormones, growth factors, and adipocytokines. We assess the effects of hormonal determinants on placental nutrient delivery and the impact of preterm delivery on hormone expression and postnatal growth and metabolic function. We then discuss the effects of various maternal disorders and nutritional and pharmacologic interventions on fetal and perinatal hormone and growth factor production, growth, and fat deposition and consider important unresolved questions in the field. MDPI 2023-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10537367/ /pubmed/37764824 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15184041 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Page, Laura Younge, Noelle Freemark, Michael Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title | Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title_full | Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title_fullStr | Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title_full_unstemmed | Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title_short | Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant |
title_sort | hormonal determinants of growth and weight gain in the human fetus and preterm infant |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37764824 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15184041 |
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