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Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience
BACKGROUND: The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in pregnancy is rare (0.006%), with increasing prevalence during the opioid epidemic. IE in pregnancy is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity, and existing data on outcomes in pregnancy are limited. Our study compares the outc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10538254/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37779596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad470 |
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author | Shapero, Kayle El-Dalati, Sami Berlacher, Kathryn Megli, Christina |
author_facet | Shapero, Kayle El-Dalati, Sami Berlacher, Kathryn Megli, Christina |
author_sort | Shapero, Kayle |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in pregnancy is rare (0.006%), with increasing prevalence during the opioid epidemic. IE in pregnancy is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity, and existing data on outcomes in pregnancy are limited. Our study compares the outcomes of pregnant patients with IE with those of nonpregnant patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with IE during pregnancy and 30 days postpartum between 2014 and 2021 were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, Ninth and Tenth Edition codes. Pregnant cases were matched to nonpregnant reproductive-age endocarditis patients in a 1:4 ratio. Data were collected and validated through chart review. RESULTS: One hundred eighty patients with IE were identified; 34 were pregnant or within 30 days postpartum at diagnosis. There were higher rates of hepatitis C and opioid maintenance therapy in the pregnant patients. The etiology of IE in pregnant patients was predominantly S. aureus (methicillin-resistant/sensitive S. aureus), whereas nonpregnant woman had greater microbiological variation. We observed comparable rates of valve replacement (32.4% vs 29%; P = .84) and 2-year mortality (20.6% vs 17.8%; P > .99) in pregnant patients. There were nonsignificantly higher rates of pulmonary emboli (17.6% vs 7.5%; P = .098) and arrhythmia (17.6% vs 9.6%; P = .222) among pregnant patients. There were high rates of intravenous drug use relapse in both groups (>40%). CONCLUSIONS: We observed similar rates of mortality in the pregnant IE patients. We observed a microbial predilection for S. aureus in pregnancy, suggesting that the pregnancy physiology may select for this microbiologic etiology. This study, which represents the largest single-center retrospective review of IE in pregnancy, suggests that surgical intervention may be performed safely in the postpartum period. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10538254 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105382542023-09-29 Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience Shapero, Kayle El-Dalati, Sami Berlacher, Kathryn Megli, Christina Open Forum Infect Dis Major Article BACKGROUND: The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in pregnancy is rare (0.006%), with increasing prevalence during the opioid epidemic. IE in pregnancy is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity, and existing data on outcomes in pregnancy are limited. Our study compares the outcomes of pregnant patients with IE with those of nonpregnant patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with IE during pregnancy and 30 days postpartum between 2014 and 2021 were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, Ninth and Tenth Edition codes. Pregnant cases were matched to nonpregnant reproductive-age endocarditis patients in a 1:4 ratio. Data were collected and validated through chart review. RESULTS: One hundred eighty patients with IE were identified; 34 were pregnant or within 30 days postpartum at diagnosis. There were higher rates of hepatitis C and opioid maintenance therapy in the pregnant patients. The etiology of IE in pregnant patients was predominantly S. aureus (methicillin-resistant/sensitive S. aureus), whereas nonpregnant woman had greater microbiological variation. We observed comparable rates of valve replacement (32.4% vs 29%; P = .84) and 2-year mortality (20.6% vs 17.8%; P > .99) in pregnant patients. There were nonsignificantly higher rates of pulmonary emboli (17.6% vs 7.5%; P = .098) and arrhythmia (17.6% vs 9.6%; P = .222) among pregnant patients. There were high rates of intravenous drug use relapse in both groups (>40%). CONCLUSIONS: We observed similar rates of mortality in the pregnant IE patients. We observed a microbial predilection for S. aureus in pregnancy, suggesting that the pregnancy physiology may select for this microbiologic etiology. This study, which represents the largest single-center retrospective review of IE in pregnancy, suggests that surgical intervention may be performed safely in the postpartum period. Oxford University Press 2023-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10538254/ /pubmed/37779596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad470 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Major Article Shapero, Kayle El-Dalati, Sami Berlacher, Kathryn Megli, Christina Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title | Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title_full | Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title_fullStr | Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title_full_unstemmed | Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title_short | Outcomes of Endocarditis in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience |
title_sort | outcomes of endocarditis in pregnancy: a single-center experience |
topic | Major Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10538254/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37779596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad470 |
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