Identification of characteristics predictive of long-term survival with durvalumab or durvalumab plus tremelimumab in metastatic urothelial carcinoma

BACKGROUND: This retrospective analysis of data from clinical trials in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) was conducted to determine baseline patient characteristics associated with long-term survival (LTS) following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: Data for this analysis were from patients with platinum-refractory mUC who received durvalumab or durvalumab plus tremelimumab in phase 1/2 studies. The primary outcome measure was LTS. Patients were categorised as overall survival (OS) ≥ 2 years (from first dose) or OS < 2 years. A univariable analysis assessed independent associations with LTS and multivariable logistic regression was employed including each variable with P ≤ 0.05 as covariates. RESULTS: Among 360 patients, 88 (24.4%) had OS ≥ 2 years and 272 (75.6%) had OS < 2 years. In univariable analysis, several baseline characteristics and laboratory measurements were associated with LTS including sex, ECOG PS, PD-L1 expression, prior surgery, time from initial diagnosis, lymph node-only involvement, visceral disease, haemoglobin level, absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and lactate dehydrogenase level. In multivariable analysis, LTS was significantly associated with ECOG PS, PD-L1 expression, haemoglobin level and absolute neutrophil count. CONCLUSIONS: Several baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory measurements were associated with LTS for patients with platinum-refractory mUC treated with durvalumab or durvalumab plus tremelimumab. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-023-11380-6.