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The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants
Mating success of flowering plants depends strongly on the efficiencies of pollen removal from flowers and its subsequent dispersal to conspecific stigmas. We characterized the economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants by analysing pollen fates and their correlates for 228 species. The mean pe...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547555/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37788703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1148 |
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author | Johnson, Steven D. Harder, Lawrence D. |
author_facet | Johnson, Steven D. Harder, Lawrence D. |
author_sort | Johnson, Steven D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mating success of flowering plants depends strongly on the efficiencies of pollen removal from flowers and its subsequent dispersal to conspecific stigmas. We characterized the economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants by analysing pollen fates and their correlates for 228 species. The mean percentage of pollen removed from flowers (removal efficiency) varied almost twofold according to the type of pollen-dispersal unit, from less than 45% for orchids and milkweeds with solid pollinia, to greater than 80% for species with granular monads or sectile (segmented) pollinia. The mean percentage of removed pollen reaching stigmas (pollen transfer efficiency, PTE) varied from 2.4% for species with separate monads to 27.0% for orchids with solid pollinia. These values tended to be higher in plants with single pollinator species and in those with non-grooming pollinators. Nectar production increased removal efficiency, but did not influence PTE. Among types of pollen-dispersal units, the net percentage of produced pollen that was dispersed to stigmas varied negatively with removal efficiency and positively with PTE, indicating the relative importance of the latter for overall pollen economy. These findings confirm the key importance of floral traits, particularly pollen packaging, for pollen dispersal outcomes and highlight the under-appreciated pollination efficiency of non-grooming pollinators. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10547555 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105475552023-10-06 The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants Johnson, Steven D. Harder, Lawrence D. Proc Biol Sci Evolution Mating success of flowering plants depends strongly on the efficiencies of pollen removal from flowers and its subsequent dispersal to conspecific stigmas. We characterized the economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants by analysing pollen fates and their correlates for 228 species. The mean percentage of pollen removed from flowers (removal efficiency) varied almost twofold according to the type of pollen-dispersal unit, from less than 45% for orchids and milkweeds with solid pollinia, to greater than 80% for species with granular monads or sectile (segmented) pollinia. The mean percentage of removed pollen reaching stigmas (pollen transfer efficiency, PTE) varied from 2.4% for species with separate monads to 27.0% for orchids with solid pollinia. These values tended to be higher in plants with single pollinator species and in those with non-grooming pollinators. Nectar production increased removal efficiency, but did not influence PTE. Among types of pollen-dispersal units, the net percentage of produced pollen that was dispersed to stigmas varied negatively with removal efficiency and positively with PTE, indicating the relative importance of the latter for overall pollen economy. These findings confirm the key importance of floral traits, particularly pollen packaging, for pollen dispersal outcomes and highlight the under-appreciated pollination efficiency of non-grooming pollinators. The Royal Society 2023-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10547555/ /pubmed/37788703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1148 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Evolution Johnson, Steven D. Harder, Lawrence D. The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title | The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title_full | The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title_fullStr | The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title_full_unstemmed | The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title_short | The economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
title_sort | economy of pollen dispersal in flowering plants |
topic | Evolution |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547555/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37788703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1148 |
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