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Therapeutic Effect of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide for Hypoxic–Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Mice
A clinical challenge remains in the treatment of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury in newborns. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) has beneficial effects in animal models of adult stroke. Here, we aimed to understand the short- and long-term neuroprotective effects of NAD(+)-promoting substance...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10548811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37787108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17590914231198983 |
Sumario: | A clinical challenge remains in the treatment of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury in newborns. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) has beneficial effects in animal models of adult stroke. Here, we aimed to understand the short- and long-term neuroprotective effects of NAD(+)-promoting substance nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a well-established brain injury model in neonatal mice. Postnatal day (PND) 9 male and female mice were subjected to cerebral hypoxia–ischemia and treated with saline or NMN (50 mg/kg) immediately after hypoxia–ischemia. At different time points after hypoxia–ischemia, hippocampal NAD(+), caspase-3 activity, protein expression of SIRT1, SIRT6, release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), long-term neuropathological outcome, short-term developmental behavior, and long-term motor and memory function were evaluated. Neonatal hypoxia–ischemia reduced NAD(+) and SIRT6 levels, but not SIRT1, in the injured hippocampus, while HMGB1 release was significantly increased. NMN treatment normalized hippocampal NAD(+) and SIRT6 levels, while caspase-3 activity and HMGB1 release were significantly reduced. NMN alleviated tissue loss in the long-term and improved early developmental behavior, as well as motor and memory function. This study shows that NMN treatment provides neuroprotection in a clinically relevant neonatal animal model of hypoxia–ischemia in mice suggesting as a possible novel treatment for neonatal brain injury. SUMMARY STATEMENT: Neonatal hypoxia–ischemia reduces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) and SIRT6 levels in the injured hippocampus. Hippocampal high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) release is significantly increased after neonatal hypoxia–ischemia. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) treatment normalizes hippocampal NAD(+) and SIRT6 levels, with significant decrease in caspase-3 activity and HMGB1 release. NMN improves early developmental behavior, as well as motor and memory function. |
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