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A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator
Large predators frequent the open ocean where subsurface light drives visually based trophic interactions. However, we lack knowledge on how predators achieve energy balance in the unproductive open ocean where prey biomass is minimal in well-lit surface waters but high in dim midwaters in the form...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10550225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37792940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi8200 |
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author | Arostegui, Martin C. Muhling, Barbara Culhane, Emmett Dewar, Heidi Koch, Stephanie S. Braun, Camrin D. |
author_facet | Arostegui, Martin C. Muhling, Barbara Culhane, Emmett Dewar, Heidi Koch, Stephanie S. Braun, Camrin D. |
author_sort | Arostegui, Martin C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Large predators frequent the open ocean where subsurface light drives visually based trophic interactions. However, we lack knowledge on how predators achieve energy balance in the unproductive open ocean where prey biomass is minimal in well-lit surface waters but high in dim midwaters in the form of scattering layers. We use an interdisciplinary approach to assess how the bioenergetics of scattering layer forays by a model predator vary across biomes. We show that the mean metabolic cost rate of daytime deep foraging dives to scattering layers decreases as much as 26% from coastal to pelagic biomes. The more favorable energetics offshore are enabled by the addition of a shallow scattering layer that, if not present, would otherwise necessitate costlier dives to deeper layers. The unprecedented importance of this shallow scattering layer challenges assumptions that the globally ubiquitous primary deep scattering layer constitutes the only mesopelagic resource regularly targeted by apex predators. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10550225 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105502252023-10-05 A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator Arostegui, Martin C. Muhling, Barbara Culhane, Emmett Dewar, Heidi Koch, Stephanie S. Braun, Camrin D. Sci Adv Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences Large predators frequent the open ocean where subsurface light drives visually based trophic interactions. However, we lack knowledge on how predators achieve energy balance in the unproductive open ocean where prey biomass is minimal in well-lit surface waters but high in dim midwaters in the form of scattering layers. We use an interdisciplinary approach to assess how the bioenergetics of scattering layer forays by a model predator vary across biomes. We show that the mean metabolic cost rate of daytime deep foraging dives to scattering layers decreases as much as 26% from coastal to pelagic biomes. The more favorable energetics offshore are enabled by the addition of a shallow scattering layer that, if not present, would otherwise necessitate costlier dives to deeper layers. The unprecedented importance of this shallow scattering layer challenges assumptions that the globally ubiquitous primary deep scattering layer constitutes the only mesopelagic resource regularly targeted by apex predators. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10550225/ /pubmed/37792940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi8200 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences Arostegui, Martin C. Muhling, Barbara Culhane, Emmett Dewar, Heidi Koch, Stephanie S. Braun, Camrin D. A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title | A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title_full | A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title_fullStr | A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title_full_unstemmed | A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title_short | A shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
title_sort | shallow scattering layer structures the energy seascape of an open ocean predator |
topic | Earth, Environmental, Ecological, and Space Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10550225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37792940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi8200 |
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