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Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study

Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the cornerstone of reducing morbidity and mortality of this disease, as it has been shown to decrease the risk of viral transmission, severity of disease, hospitalization, and intubation. However, true understanding of its impact is sk...

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Autores principales: Chen, Claire Xinning, Cabugao, Paul, Nguyen, Max, Villegas, Daniel, Batra, Kavita, Singh, Aditi, Kioka, Mutsumi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10553062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37800810
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000035421
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author Chen, Claire Xinning
Cabugao, Paul
Nguyen, Max
Villegas, Daniel
Batra, Kavita
Singh, Aditi
Kioka, Mutsumi
author_facet Chen, Claire Xinning
Cabugao, Paul
Nguyen, Max
Villegas, Daniel
Batra, Kavita
Singh, Aditi
Kioka, Mutsumi
author_sort Chen, Claire Xinning
collection PubMed
description Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the cornerstone of reducing morbidity and mortality of this disease, as it has been shown to decrease the risk of viral transmission, severity of disease, hospitalization, and intubation. However, true understanding of its impact is skewed by heterogeneous vaccine administration due to lack of equitable access, vaccine hesitancy, and varying social determinants of health. Therefore, this study aims to identify groups that are less likely to be vaccinated and understand whether the resultant differences in vaccination rates affect morbidity and mortality in socially marginalized COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on a randomized and stratified population of 939 COVID-19 patients from January 2021 to December 2021. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to assess demographic and clinical characteristic trends in unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated groups. No one age (P = .21), gender (P = .9), race (P = .12), ethnicity (P = .09), or health insurance status (P = .13) group was more vaccinated than the other. Similarly, no subgroup was at increased odds of intubation (P = .08) or death. However, patients with all categories of comorbidities including cardiopulmonary disease (P = <.001, effect size .17), renal disease (P = <.001, effect size 0.138), metabolic disease (P = .04), and immunocompromised (P = .01) states were found to have significantly higher vaccination rates. Our study also shows that full vaccination protects against mortality and decreases the odds of intubation by 55% (adjusted odds ratio = 0.453, P value = .015) compared to no vaccination or partial vaccination. Findings from this study show an encouraging trend that sicker patients had higher rates of vaccination against COVID-19. This trend highlights the need for further identification of motivators that may be applied to vaccine-hesitant populations, which can help guide population-level policy, increase vaccination campaign yield, and reach for health equity.
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spelling pubmed-105530622023-10-06 Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study Chen, Claire Xinning Cabugao, Paul Nguyen, Max Villegas, Daniel Batra, Kavita Singh, Aditi Kioka, Mutsumi Medicine (Baltimore) 6600 Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the cornerstone of reducing morbidity and mortality of this disease, as it has been shown to decrease the risk of viral transmission, severity of disease, hospitalization, and intubation. However, true understanding of its impact is skewed by heterogeneous vaccine administration due to lack of equitable access, vaccine hesitancy, and varying social determinants of health. Therefore, this study aims to identify groups that are less likely to be vaccinated and understand whether the resultant differences in vaccination rates affect morbidity and mortality in socially marginalized COVID-19 patients. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on a randomized and stratified population of 939 COVID-19 patients from January 2021 to December 2021. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to assess demographic and clinical characteristic trends in unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated groups. No one age (P = .21), gender (P = .9), race (P = .12), ethnicity (P = .09), or health insurance status (P = .13) group was more vaccinated than the other. Similarly, no subgroup was at increased odds of intubation (P = .08) or death. However, patients with all categories of comorbidities including cardiopulmonary disease (P = <.001, effect size .17), renal disease (P = <.001, effect size 0.138), metabolic disease (P = .04), and immunocompromised (P = .01) states were found to have significantly higher vaccination rates. Our study also shows that full vaccination protects against mortality and decreases the odds of intubation by 55% (adjusted odds ratio = 0.453, P value = .015) compared to no vaccination or partial vaccination. Findings from this study show an encouraging trend that sicker patients had higher rates of vaccination against COVID-19. This trend highlights the need for further identification of motivators that may be applied to vaccine-hesitant populations, which can help guide population-level policy, increase vaccination campaign yield, and reach for health equity. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10553062/ /pubmed/37800810 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000035421 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle 6600
Chen, Claire Xinning
Cabugao, Paul
Nguyen, Max
Villegas, Daniel
Batra, Kavita
Singh, Aditi
Kioka, Mutsumi
Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title_full Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title_short Comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: A single-institution cross-sectional study
title_sort comparing demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital outcomes by vaccine uptake status: a single-institution cross-sectional study
topic 6600
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10553062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37800810
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000035421
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