Does Serratiopeptidase prevent thoracic surgery in patients of hydropneumothorax of tubercular aetiology?

BACKGROUND: Tubercular hydropneumothorax is commonly seen in Indian hospitals. Anti-tuberculosis drugs and intercostal drainage tube (ICD) insertion are the mainstays of treatment. But many patients have to be referred to thoracic surgery for surgical management. This study aims to evaluate the role of serratiopeptidase in successful resolution of tubercular hydropneumothorax and avoidance of thoracic surgery. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study on 28 patients that were admitted to extrapulmonary TB ward of our hospital. All patients were given anti-TB drugs according to national guidelines and underwent ICD tube insertion. Out of 28 patients recruited, 19 suffering severe chest pain received serratiopeptidase containing analgesic tablets and nine patients of the control group not having severe chest pain received non-serratiopeptidase containing analgesic tablets. Both groups were compared on the basis of successful ICD tube removal. The results were analysed using Chi-square statistic with Yates correction. RESULTS: Of the 19 patients in the intervention group who received serratiopeptidase, 16 had successful recovery while three had to undergo thoracic surgery. Of the nine patients in the comparison group, only one had a successful recovery while the other eight had to be referred to thoracic surgery with ICD tube in situ. The outcome showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, in terms of ICD tube removal and avoidance of thoracic surgery, with a P value of < 0.001. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the addition of serratiopeptidase to anti-tubercular drugs regimen can lead to better clinical outcomes and avoidance of thoracic surgery, in patients of tubercular hydropneumothorax.