SAT057 Hyperglycemic Emergencies Following Vaccination Against COVID-19: A Descriptive Analysis Of Crude Adverse Event Data

Disclosure: A. Laskova: None. B. Syritsa: None. Background: There have been case reports in the literature describing the onset of hyperglycemic emergencies after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. One of the potential mechanisms includes hypercytokinemia leading to pancreatic damage [1]. We present a summary of cases reported to the vaccine adverse events reporting system (VAERS). Objectives: To summarize the existent crude data about the frequency of hyperglycemic emergencies reported to the VAERS. Methods: We accessed the VAERS and searched for reports of hyperglycemic emergencies in patients who received vaccination against COVID-19 as of 12/30/2022. We manually reviewed reports and applied descriptive statistics. Results: We chose the symptoms “DIABETIC COMA; DIABETIC HYPERGLYCAEMIC COMA; DIABETIC HYPEROSMOLAR COMA; DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS; DIABETIC KETOACIDOTIC HYPERGLYCAEMIC COMA; HYPERGLYCAEMIC HYPEROSMOLAR NONKETOTIC SYNDROME; HYPERGLYCAEMIC UNCONSCIOUSNESS” as well as “COVID19 VACCINE”, and our search returned 455 reports. Among them, the keyword “DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS” was used in 90% of reports, “HYPERGLYCAEMIC HYPEROSMOLAR NONKETOTIC SYNDROME” - in 4% of reports. Pfizer-Biontech was the vaccine manufacturer in 62% of reports, Moderna - in 27%, Janssen - in 10%, and other manufacturers - in 1% of reports. In 42% of cases, the event developed after the first dose of the vaccine, 47% - after two doses, and 10% - after three doses. Males were affected in 46% of reports, females - in 54%. The onset of the symptoms was unknown in 15% of the cases. 38% of the remaining cases reported an onset within 7 days of the vaccine administration. 87% of events were categorized as “serious”. 79% of patients were hospitalized. Death was reported in 16% of cases. We reviewed the available records, and 11% of them contained no details. Among the others, 60% mentioned either history of diabetes or antidiabetic medications in the description part. About 5% of the reports contained the words “new diagnosis of diabetes” or “new-onset diabetes”. Conclusions: Our analysis of crude data reported to VAERS showed that the majority of the cases of hyperglycemic emergencies occurred in patients with a known history of diabetes. More than half of the cases occurred later than within 1 week of the vaccine administration. We would like to speculate that the later the onset is, the less likely it is associated with the vaccine. During the manual review of the records, we found that 5% of cases describe a potential new-onset diabetes event. Anyone can report to VAERS, and for any event, no causality has been established [2]. References: 1. Samuel SM, Varghese E, Triggle CR et al. COVID-19 Vaccines and Hyperglycemia-Is There a Need for Postvaccination Surveillance?. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(3):454. 2. https://vaers.hhs.gov/data/dataguide.html Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023