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Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya

BACKGROUND: The rise of insecticide resistance against malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in the need to consider other methods of vector control. The potential use of biological methods, including larvivorous fish, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and plant shading, is susta...

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Autores principales: Orondo, Pauline Winnie, Zhou, Guofa, Ochwedo, Kevin O., Wang, Xiaoming, Ondeto, Benyl M., Lee, Ming-Chieh, Nyanjom, Steven G., Atieli, Harrysone, Githeko, Andrew K., Kazura, James W., Yan, Guiyun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10557226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37798779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04741-w
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author Orondo, Pauline Winnie
Zhou, Guofa
Ochwedo, Kevin O.
Wang, Xiaoming
Ondeto, Benyl M.
Lee, Ming-Chieh
Nyanjom, Steven G.
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew K.
Kazura, James W.
Yan, Guiyun
author_facet Orondo, Pauline Winnie
Zhou, Guofa
Ochwedo, Kevin O.
Wang, Xiaoming
Ondeto, Benyl M.
Lee, Ming-Chieh
Nyanjom, Steven G.
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew K.
Kazura, James W.
Yan, Guiyun
author_sort Orondo, Pauline Winnie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The rise of insecticide resistance against malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in the need to consider other methods of vector control. The potential use of biological methods, including larvivorous fish, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and plant shading, is sustainable and environmentally friendly options. This study examined the survivorship of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larvae and habitat productivity in four permanent habitat types in Homa Bay county, western Kenya. METHODS: Predator densities were studied in a laboratory setup while habitat productivity and larval survivorship was studied in field setup. RESULTS: Fish were observed as the most efficient predator (75.8% larval reduction rate) followed by water boatman (69%), and dragonfly nymph (69.5%) in predation rates. Lower predation rates were observed in backswimmers (31%), water beetles (14.9%), water spiders (12.2%), mayflies (7.3%), and tadpoles (6.9%). Increase in predator density in the field setup resulted in decreased Culex larval density. Larval and pupa age–specific distribution was determined and their survivorship curves constructed. Combined larvae (Stage I–IV) to pupa mortality was over 97% for An. arabiensis and 100% for An. funestus. The highest larval stage survival rate was from larval stages I to II and the lowest from larval stage IV to pupa. Stage-specific life tables indicated high mortality rates at every developmental stage, especially at the larval stage II and III. CONCLUSION: Determination of the efficiency of various larval predators and habitat productivity will help with the correct identification of productive habitats and selection of complementary vector control methods through environmental management and/or predator introduction (for instance fish) in the habitats. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-023-04741-w.
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spelling pubmed-105572262023-10-07 Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya Orondo, Pauline Winnie Zhou, Guofa Ochwedo, Kevin O. Wang, Xiaoming Ondeto, Benyl M. Lee, Ming-Chieh Nyanjom, Steven G. Atieli, Harrysone Githeko, Andrew K. Kazura, James W. Yan, Guiyun Malar J Research BACKGROUND: The rise of insecticide resistance against malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in the need to consider other methods of vector control. The potential use of biological methods, including larvivorous fish, Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and plant shading, is sustainable and environmentally friendly options. This study examined the survivorship of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larvae and habitat productivity in four permanent habitat types in Homa Bay county, western Kenya. METHODS: Predator densities were studied in a laboratory setup while habitat productivity and larval survivorship was studied in field setup. RESULTS: Fish were observed as the most efficient predator (75.8% larval reduction rate) followed by water boatman (69%), and dragonfly nymph (69.5%) in predation rates. Lower predation rates were observed in backswimmers (31%), water beetles (14.9%), water spiders (12.2%), mayflies (7.3%), and tadpoles (6.9%). Increase in predator density in the field setup resulted in decreased Culex larval density. Larval and pupa age–specific distribution was determined and their survivorship curves constructed. Combined larvae (Stage I–IV) to pupa mortality was over 97% for An. arabiensis and 100% for An. funestus. The highest larval stage survival rate was from larval stages I to II and the lowest from larval stage IV to pupa. Stage-specific life tables indicated high mortality rates at every developmental stage, especially at the larval stage II and III. CONCLUSION: Determination of the efficiency of various larval predators and habitat productivity will help with the correct identification of productive habitats and selection of complementary vector control methods through environmental management and/or predator introduction (for instance fish) in the habitats. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-023-04741-w. BioMed Central 2023-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10557226/ /pubmed/37798779 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04741-w Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Orondo, Pauline Winnie
Zhou, Guofa
Ochwedo, Kevin O.
Wang, Xiaoming
Ondeto, Benyl M.
Lee, Ming-Chieh
Nyanjom, Steven G.
Atieli, Harrysone
Githeko, Andrew K.
Kazura, James W.
Yan, Guiyun
Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title_full Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title_fullStr Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title_short Effect of predators on Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus larval survivorship in Homa Bay County Western Kenya
title_sort effect of predators on anopheles arabiensis and anopheles funestus larval survivorship in homa bay county western kenya
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10557226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37798779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04741-w
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