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Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods

Carwash wastewater (CWW) is an important source of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of CWW and technical comparison of its treatment methods. For this purpose, a systematic search was conducted and after three stages of screening the found article...

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Autores principales: Kazembeigi, Farogh, Bayad, Solmaz, Yousefi Nasab, Ahmad, Doraghi, Marziye, Parseh, Iman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10559047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37809626
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19764
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author Kazembeigi, Farogh
Bayad, Solmaz
Yousefi Nasab, Ahmad
Doraghi, Marziye
Parseh, Iman
author_facet Kazembeigi, Farogh
Bayad, Solmaz
Yousefi Nasab, Ahmad
Doraghi, Marziye
Parseh, Iman
author_sort Kazembeigi, Farogh
collection PubMed
description Carwash wastewater (CWW) is an important source of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of CWW and technical comparison of its treatment methods. For this purpose, a systematic search was conducted and after three stages of screening the found articles, finally 30 articles were selected for this review. The results showed that due to the differences in the type of washing, the geological condition, the type of car, and the climatic conditions, the CWWs have temporal and spatial variation in the concentration of pollutants. However, the most important pollutants of CWW include oil, suspended solids, detergents, and organic compounds. The most widely used methods in CWW treatment in the main stages included chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation, which reduce turbidity by more than 90% and COD by more than 50% in the best efficiency. Also, membrane technology was a common method in CWW treatment systems to achieve proper effluent quality. COD reduction by ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, microfiltration, and reverse osmosis was 95-77%, more than 90%, 81-73%, and 87%, respectively. The efficiency of membrane technologies in reducing turbidity was often more than 90% and in few cases more than 50%. Sludge production in the coagulation process, energy consumption in electrochemical processes, and the low water recovery rate in membrane processes are important challenges in CWW treatment that must be managed by modifying the process or using combined methods.
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spelling pubmed-105590472023-10-08 Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods Kazembeigi, Farogh Bayad, Solmaz Yousefi Nasab, Ahmad Doraghi, Marziye Parseh, Iman Heliyon Review Article Carwash wastewater (CWW) is an important source of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of CWW and technical comparison of its treatment methods. For this purpose, a systematic search was conducted and after three stages of screening the found articles, finally 30 articles were selected for this review. The results showed that due to the differences in the type of washing, the geological condition, the type of car, and the climatic conditions, the CWWs have temporal and spatial variation in the concentration of pollutants. However, the most important pollutants of CWW include oil, suspended solids, detergents, and organic compounds. The most widely used methods in CWW treatment in the main stages included chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation, which reduce turbidity by more than 90% and COD by more than 50% in the best efficiency. Also, membrane technology was a common method in CWW treatment systems to achieve proper effluent quality. COD reduction by ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, microfiltration, and reverse osmosis was 95-77%, more than 90%, 81-73%, and 87%, respectively. The efficiency of membrane technologies in reducing turbidity was often more than 90% and in few cases more than 50%. Sludge production in the coagulation process, energy consumption in electrochemical processes, and the low water recovery rate in membrane processes are important challenges in CWW treatment that must be managed by modifying the process or using combined methods. Elsevier 2023-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10559047/ /pubmed/37809626 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19764 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Article
Kazembeigi, Farogh
Bayad, Solmaz
Yousefi Nasab, Ahmad
Doraghi, Marziye
Parseh, Iman
Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title_full Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title_fullStr Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title_full_unstemmed Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title_short Techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
title_sort techno-environmental study on the consequences of carwash wastewater and its management methods
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10559047/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37809626
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19764
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