Hazardous radiation protective glasses for medical and research laboratories

In the current study, the bismuth oxide (Bi(2)O(3)) content was inter-substituted with gadolinium oxide (Gd(2)O(3)) in sodium borate glass. Glass sample density and molar volume values show a reverse trend. The optical transparent radiation shielding glasses are more commonly used materials in hospitals or any hazardous radiation working environments, the glasses used in this work are more emphasized on their superior transmittance and acceptable for shielding materials for commercial purposes. The optical band gap value was calculated using the Tauc plot and absorption fitting method. Radiation shielding parameters like mass attenuation co-efficient, effective atomic number, effective electron density, equivalent atomic number, lead equivalent thickness, half value layer, tenth value layer, Geometric-Progression fitting parameters like (b, c, a, X(K), and d), γ-ray build-up factor, and exposure build-up factor have all been evaluated. In the current work, photoluminescence studies for Gd(3+) ions were investigated and discussed.