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Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State

The use of cocaine is associated with serious complications including coronary vasospasm and myocardial, renal, intestinal, and neurological ischemia. Among these feared complications lies limb ischemia which is a rare potential side effect of chronic cocaine use. We present the case of a 50-year-ol...

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Autores principales: Echevarria, Victoria, Echevarria, Alexandra C, Casadesus, Damian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10560104/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37809197
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44862
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author Echevarria, Victoria
Echevarria, Alexandra C
Casadesus, Damian
author_facet Echevarria, Victoria
Echevarria, Alexandra C
Casadesus, Damian
author_sort Echevarria, Victoria
collection PubMed
description The use of cocaine is associated with serious complications including coronary vasospasm and myocardial, renal, intestinal, and neurological ischemia. Among these feared complications lies limb ischemia which is a rare potential side effect of chronic cocaine use. We present the case of a 50-year-old female with an extensive history of cocaine use who developed ischemia in all four limbs. Imaging studies revealed pulmonary emboli, multisystem thromboses, and microhemorrhages in the brain. Laboratory studies were significant for leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, schistocytes on blood smear, and normal rheumatologic and hematologic studies. The patient was diagnosed with cocaine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy and she was treated symptomatically and with continuous heparin infusion. However, she ultimately requested to be discharged home and was lost to follow-up. Cocaine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy has been reported in only a few other patients to date and although there are some theories describing the possible pathophysiology, a clearly defined explanation has not yet been widely accepted.
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spelling pubmed-105601042023-10-08 Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State Echevarria, Victoria Echevarria, Alexandra C Casadesus, Damian Cureus Internal Medicine The use of cocaine is associated with serious complications including coronary vasospasm and myocardial, renal, intestinal, and neurological ischemia. Among these feared complications lies limb ischemia which is a rare potential side effect of chronic cocaine use. We present the case of a 50-year-old female with an extensive history of cocaine use who developed ischemia in all four limbs. Imaging studies revealed pulmonary emboli, multisystem thromboses, and microhemorrhages in the brain. Laboratory studies were significant for leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, schistocytes on blood smear, and normal rheumatologic and hematologic studies. The patient was diagnosed with cocaine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy and she was treated symptomatically and with continuous heparin infusion. However, she ultimately requested to be discharged home and was lost to follow-up. Cocaine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy has been reported in only a few other patients to date and although there are some theories describing the possible pathophysiology, a clearly defined explanation has not yet been widely accepted. Cureus 2023-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10560104/ /pubmed/37809197 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44862 Text en Copyright © 2023, Echevarria et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Internal Medicine
Echevarria, Victoria
Echevarria, Alexandra C
Casadesus, Damian
Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title_full Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title_fullStr Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title_full_unstemmed Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title_short Cocaine-Induced Four-Extremity Ischemia Caused by a Hypercoagulable State
title_sort cocaine-induced four-extremity ischemia caused by a hypercoagulable state
topic Internal Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10560104/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37809197
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44862
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