Investigation of the clinical efficacy of thiol–disulfide homeostasis, delta neutrophil index, and ischemiamodified albumin in cases of incarcerated and strangulated hernia

BACKGROUND: The treatment of patients presenting with the diagnosis of incarcerated and/or strangulated inguinal hernia is mostly surgery. If strangulation and necrosis are present, the need for laparotomy arises, which may increase the risk of morbidity. Currently, it is not possible to clearly determine whether there is bowel ischemia and necrosis before surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of the thiol–disulfide homeostasis, delta neutrophil index (DNI), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) parameters in incarcerated and strangulated hernia cases. METHODS: Patients that presented to the general surgery outpatient clinic due to inguinal hernia or to the emergency department of the hospital with a preliminary diagnosis of incarcerated and/or strangulated hernia in April 2021-November 2021 were included in the study. The patients were divided into the following four groups: patients that underwent elective repair for inguinal hernia (Group 1), those who were followed up without surgery due to incarcerated hernia (Group 2), those who underwent hernia repair without bowel resection due to incarceration (Group 3), and those who underwent bowel resection due to strangulation (Group 4). Group 1 was defined as the control group, while Groups 2, 3, and Group 4 were evaluated as the incarcerated/strangulated hernia group. The demographic data of the patients, length of hospital stay, body mass index, comorbidities, medical history and physical examination findings, radiological examinations, treatments applied, white blood cell (WBC) count, lactate, and DNI, thiol–disulfide and IMA parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: The WBC count, disulfide/native thiol, disulfide/total thiol, and IMA values were significantly higher in the incarcerated/strangulated hernia group than in the control group, while the native thiol and total thiol values were higher in the latter than in the former (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of lactate (P>0.05), but the mean WBC count was higher in Group 4 compared to Group 1, and the mean DNI was significantly higher among the patients who underwent bowel resection and anastomosis than in those that were followed up and discharged (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We consider that the preoperative evaluation of the thiol–disulfide homeostasis, IMA, and DNI parameters in incarcerated/ strangulated hernia cases can be an effective and easily applicable method in predicting difficulties that may be encountered intraoperatively and the surgical procedure to be applied to the patient.