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The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda

Several factors, including breed, lead to divergent performance of pigs for production and reproduction traits in different environments. A recent genomics study showed that Modern European (ME) pig breeds contribute to the ancestry of smallholder pigs in the Hoima and Kamuli districts, Uganda. Thes...

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Autores principales: Babigumira, Brian Martin, Sölkner, Johann, Mészáros, Gábor, Wurzinger, Maria, Pfeiffer, Christina, Lewis, Craig R. G., Lukuyu, Ben, Ouma, Emily, Marshall, Karen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37818103
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2023.1123826
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author Babigumira, Brian Martin
Sölkner, Johann
Mészáros, Gábor
Wurzinger, Maria
Pfeiffer, Christina
Lewis, Craig R. G.
Lukuyu, Ben
Ouma, Emily
Marshall, Karen
author_facet Babigumira, Brian Martin
Sölkner, Johann
Mészáros, Gábor
Wurzinger, Maria
Pfeiffer, Christina
Lewis, Craig R. G.
Lukuyu, Ben
Ouma, Emily
Marshall, Karen
author_sort Babigumira, Brian Martin
collection PubMed
description Several factors, including breed, lead to divergent performance of pigs for production and reproduction traits in different environments. A recent genomics study showed that Modern European (ME) pig breeds contribute to the ancestry of smallholder pigs in the Hoima and Kamuli districts, Uganda. These pigs were also involved in a longitudinal study with several traits recorded, including 540 body weights (WT) of 374 growing pigs, 195 records of total number of piglets born alive (TBA) of 157 sows, and 110 total number weaned (TNW) records of 94 sows. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test for the significance of environmental effects, including housing system, geographic location, and the season when the events occurred as well as animal-specific effects like age, sex, parity, and farrow-to-weaning interval. Stepwise model reduction starting from models with all main effects and pairwise interactions was applied. The final models were then expanded to include proportions of Modern European (ME) ancestry for the subset of animals genotyped, following genomic ancestry analysis based on a Porcine 50K SNP Chip. ME ancestry proportions ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 and were categorized into three classes (low/medium/high ME) based on 33.3% quantiles. The effects of ME classes on WT and TBA were not significant. ME showed a significant effect on TNW. Sows with a high proportion of ME weaned 2.4 piglets more than the low group, the medium ME group being intermediate. This study used genomic data to investigate the effects of genetic ancestry on the performance of smallholder pigs in Uganda. The proportion of Modern European ancestry did not exceed 0.50, therefore not allowing for the comparison of local versus pure “exotic” types of pigs. For the range of ancestries observed, which is the relevant one for current smallholder systems in Uganda, differences were small for the body weight of growing pigs and the number of piglets born alive, while higher proportions of ME ancestry resulted in significantly more piglets weaned. The availability of genotypes of a higher number of growing pigs would have been beneficial for drawing conclusions on the effect of ME ancestry on the growth rates of smallholder pigs in Uganda.
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spelling pubmed-105615532023-10-10 The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda Babigumira, Brian Martin Sölkner, Johann Mészáros, Gábor Wurzinger, Maria Pfeiffer, Christina Lewis, Craig R. G. Lukuyu, Ben Ouma, Emily Marshall, Karen Front Genet Genetics Several factors, including breed, lead to divergent performance of pigs for production and reproduction traits in different environments. A recent genomics study showed that Modern European (ME) pig breeds contribute to the ancestry of smallholder pigs in the Hoima and Kamuli districts, Uganda. These pigs were also involved in a longitudinal study with several traits recorded, including 540 body weights (WT) of 374 growing pigs, 195 records of total number of piglets born alive (TBA) of 157 sows, and 110 total number weaned (TNW) records of 94 sows. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test for the significance of environmental effects, including housing system, geographic location, and the season when the events occurred as well as animal-specific effects like age, sex, parity, and farrow-to-weaning interval. Stepwise model reduction starting from models with all main effects and pairwise interactions was applied. The final models were then expanded to include proportions of Modern European (ME) ancestry for the subset of animals genotyped, following genomic ancestry analysis based on a Porcine 50K SNP Chip. ME ancestry proportions ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 and were categorized into three classes (low/medium/high ME) based on 33.3% quantiles. The effects of ME classes on WT and TBA were not significant. ME showed a significant effect on TNW. Sows with a high proportion of ME weaned 2.4 piglets more than the low group, the medium ME group being intermediate. This study used genomic data to investigate the effects of genetic ancestry on the performance of smallholder pigs in Uganda. The proportion of Modern European ancestry did not exceed 0.50, therefore not allowing for the comparison of local versus pure “exotic” types of pigs. For the range of ancestries observed, which is the relevant one for current smallholder systems in Uganda, differences were small for the body weight of growing pigs and the number of piglets born alive, while higher proportions of ME ancestry resulted in significantly more piglets weaned. The availability of genotypes of a higher number of growing pigs would have been beneficial for drawing conclusions on the effect of ME ancestry on the growth rates of smallholder pigs in Uganda. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10561553/ /pubmed/37818103 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2023.1123826 Text en Copyright © 2023 Babigumira, Sölkner, Mészáros, Wurzinger, Pfeiffer, Lewis, Lukuyu, Ouma and Marshall. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Babigumira, Brian Martin
Sölkner, Johann
Mészáros, Gábor
Wurzinger, Maria
Pfeiffer, Christina
Lewis, Craig R. G.
Lukuyu, Ben
Ouma, Emily
Marshall, Karen
The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title_full The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title_fullStr The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title_short The effect of the proportion of Modern European ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in Uganda
title_sort effect of the proportion of modern european ancestry on grower and sow performance of pigs in smallholder systems in uganda
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37818103
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2023.1123826
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