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High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation

Si is a promising anode material for Li ion batteries because of its high specific capacity, abundant reserve, and low cost. However, its rate performance and cycling stability are poor due to the severe particle pulverization during the lithiation/delithiation process. The high stress induced by th...

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Autores principales: Gao, Yao, Fan, Lei, Zhou, Rui, Du, Xiaoqiong, Jiao, Zengbao, Zhang, Biao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Nature Singapore 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10562352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37812292
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01190-7
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author Gao, Yao
Fan, Lei
Zhou, Rui
Du, Xiaoqiong
Jiao, Zengbao
Zhang, Biao
author_facet Gao, Yao
Fan, Lei
Zhou, Rui
Du, Xiaoqiong
Jiao, Zengbao
Zhang, Biao
author_sort Gao, Yao
collection PubMed
description Si is a promising anode material for Li ion batteries because of its high specific capacity, abundant reserve, and low cost. However, its rate performance and cycling stability are poor due to the severe particle pulverization during the lithiation/delithiation process. The high stress induced by the Li concentration gradient and anisotropic deformation is the main reason for the fracture of Si particles. Here we present a new stress mitigation strategy by uniformly distributing small amounts of Sn and Sb in Si micron-sized particles, which reduces the Li concentration gradient and realizes an isotropic lithiation/delithiation process. The Si(8.5)Sn(0.5)Sb microparticles (mean particle size: 8.22 μm) show over 6000-fold and tenfold improvements in electronic conductivity and Li diffusivity than Si particles, respectively. The discharge capacities of the Si(8.5)Sn(0.5)Sb microparticle anode after 100 cycles at 1.0 and 3.0 A g(−1) are 1.62 and 1.19 Ah g(−1), respectively, corresponding to a retention rate of 94.2% and 99.6%, respectively, relative to the capacity of the first cycle after activation. Multicomponent microparticle anodes containing Si, Sn, Sb, Ge and Ag prepared using the same method yields an ultra-low capacity decay rate of 0.02% per cycle for 1000 cycles at 1 A g(−1), corroborating the proposed mechanism. The stress regulation mechanism enabled by the industry-compatible fabrication methods opens up enormous opportunities for low-cost and high-energy–density Li-ion batteries. [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40820-023-01190-7.
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spelling pubmed-105623522023-10-11 High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation Gao, Yao Fan, Lei Zhou, Rui Du, Xiaoqiong Jiao, Zengbao Zhang, Biao Nanomicro Lett Article Si is a promising anode material for Li ion batteries because of its high specific capacity, abundant reserve, and low cost. However, its rate performance and cycling stability are poor due to the severe particle pulverization during the lithiation/delithiation process. The high stress induced by the Li concentration gradient and anisotropic deformation is the main reason for the fracture of Si particles. Here we present a new stress mitigation strategy by uniformly distributing small amounts of Sn and Sb in Si micron-sized particles, which reduces the Li concentration gradient and realizes an isotropic lithiation/delithiation process. The Si(8.5)Sn(0.5)Sb microparticles (mean particle size: 8.22 μm) show over 6000-fold and tenfold improvements in electronic conductivity and Li diffusivity than Si particles, respectively. The discharge capacities of the Si(8.5)Sn(0.5)Sb microparticle anode after 100 cycles at 1.0 and 3.0 A g(−1) are 1.62 and 1.19 Ah g(−1), respectively, corresponding to a retention rate of 94.2% and 99.6%, respectively, relative to the capacity of the first cycle after activation. Multicomponent microparticle anodes containing Si, Sn, Sb, Ge and Ag prepared using the same method yields an ultra-low capacity decay rate of 0.02% per cycle for 1000 cycles at 1 A g(−1), corroborating the proposed mechanism. The stress regulation mechanism enabled by the industry-compatible fabrication methods opens up enormous opportunities for low-cost and high-energy–density Li-ion batteries. [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40820-023-01190-7. Springer Nature Singapore 2023-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10562352/ /pubmed/37812292 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01190-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Gao, Yao
Fan, Lei
Zhou, Rui
Du, Xiaoqiong
Jiao, Zengbao
Zhang, Biao
High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title_full High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title_fullStr High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title_full_unstemmed High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title_short High-Performance Silicon-Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation
title_sort high-performance silicon-rich microparticle anodes for lithium-ion batteries enabled by internal stress mitigation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10562352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37812292
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01190-7
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