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Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods

BACKGROUND: Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between...

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Autores principales: Faehn, Corine, Reichelt, Michael, Mithöfer, Axel, Hytönen, Timo, Mølmann, Jørgen, Jaakola, Laura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10563271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37817085
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6
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author Faehn, Corine
Reichelt, Michael
Mithöfer, Axel
Hytönen, Timo
Mølmann, Jørgen
Jaakola, Laura
author_facet Faehn, Corine
Reichelt, Michael
Mithöfer, Axel
Hytönen, Timo
Mølmann, Jørgen
Jaakola, Laura
author_sort Faehn, Corine
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between mid-latitudes and high latitudes. The primary objective of this study was to compare how clock gene expression is modified in four woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) accessions originating from two different populations in Italy (IT1: Tenno, Italy, 45°N, IT4: Salorno, Italy, 46°N) and two in Northern Norway (NOR2: Alta, Norway, 69°N, NOR13: Indre Nordnes, Norway 69°N) when grown under simulated daylength conditions of an Arctic or mid-latitude photoperiod. The second objective was to investigate whether population origin or the difference in photoperiod influenced phytohormone accumulation. RESULTS: The Arctic photoperiod induced lower expression in IT4 and NOR13 for six clock genes (FvLHY, FvRVE8, FvPRR9, FvPRR7, FvPRR5, and FvLUX), in IT1 for three genes (FvLHY, FvPRR9, and FvPRR5) and in NOR2 for one gene (FvPRR9). Free-running rhythms for FvLHY in IT1 and IT4 were higher after the Arctic photoperiod, while the free-running rhythm for FvLUX in IT4 was higher after the mid-latitude photoperiod. IT1 showed significantly higher expression of FvLHY and FvPRR9 than all other accessions, as well as significantly higher expression of the circadian regulated phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), but low levels of salicylic acid (SA). NOR13 had significantly higher expression of FvRVE8, FvTOC1, and FvLUX than all other accessions. NOR2 had extremely low levels of auxin (IAA) and high levels of the jasmonate catabolite, hydroxyjasmonic acid (OH-JA). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that circadian rhythms in Fragaria vesca are driven by both the experienced photoperiod and genetic factors, while phytohormone levels are primarily determined by specific accessions’ genetic factors rather than the experienced photoperiod. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6.
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spelling pubmed-105632712023-10-11 Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods Faehn, Corine Reichelt, Michael Mithöfer, Axel Hytönen, Timo Mølmann, Jørgen Jaakola, Laura BMC Plant Biol Research BACKGROUND: Though many abiotic factors are constantly changing, the photoperiod is a predictable factor that enables plants to time many physiological responses. This timing is regulated by the circadian clock, yet little is known about how the clock adapts to the differences in photoperiod between mid-latitudes and high latitudes. The primary objective of this study was to compare how clock gene expression is modified in four woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) accessions originating from two different populations in Italy (IT1: Tenno, Italy, 45°N, IT4: Salorno, Italy, 46°N) and two in Northern Norway (NOR2: Alta, Norway, 69°N, NOR13: Indre Nordnes, Norway 69°N) when grown under simulated daylength conditions of an Arctic or mid-latitude photoperiod. The second objective was to investigate whether population origin or the difference in photoperiod influenced phytohormone accumulation. RESULTS: The Arctic photoperiod induced lower expression in IT4 and NOR13 for six clock genes (FvLHY, FvRVE8, FvPRR9, FvPRR7, FvPRR5, and FvLUX), in IT1 for three genes (FvLHY, FvPRR9, and FvPRR5) and in NOR2 for one gene (FvPRR9). Free-running rhythms for FvLHY in IT1 and IT4 were higher after the Arctic photoperiod, while the free-running rhythm for FvLUX in IT4 was higher after the mid-latitude photoperiod. IT1 showed significantly higher expression of FvLHY and FvPRR9 than all other accessions, as well as significantly higher expression of the circadian regulated phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), but low levels of salicylic acid (SA). NOR13 had significantly higher expression of FvRVE8, FvTOC1, and FvLUX than all other accessions. NOR2 had extremely low levels of auxin (IAA) and high levels of the jasmonate catabolite, hydroxyjasmonic acid (OH-JA). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that circadian rhythms in Fragaria vesca are driven by both the experienced photoperiod and genetic factors, while phytohormone levels are primarily determined by specific accessions’ genetic factors rather than the experienced photoperiod. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6. BioMed Central 2023-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10563271/ /pubmed/37817085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Faehn, Corine
Reichelt, Michael
Mithöfer, Axel
Hytönen, Timo
Mølmann, Jørgen
Jaakola, Laura
Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title_full Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title_fullStr Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title_full_unstemmed Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title_short Acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca L.) to Arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
title_sort acclimation of circadian rhythms in woodland strawberries (fragaria vesca l.) to arctic and mid-latitude photoperiods
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10563271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37817085
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04491-6
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