Study on the antioxidant activity of peptides from soybean meal by fermentation based on the chemical method and AAPH‐induced oxidative stress

Preparation and antioxidant activities of soybean peptides using solid fermentation to decrease the content of trypsin inhibitor (TI) and antigen protein were investigated in this study. The results showed the optimal fermentation conditions were as follows: fermentation time 48 h, the ratio of material to solvent 1:2, inoculum size 12%, and the ratio of Lactic acid bacteria and Aspergillus oryzae 2:1. The hydrolysate was were divided into four components of <1, 1–3, 3–5, and >5 kDa by ultrafiltration based on molecular weight, and the <1 kDa peptides expressed the highest antioxidant activities. Meanwhile, the cell antioxidant activity of the <1 kDa soybean peptides was investigated using AAPH‐induced erythrocyte hemolysis, which effectively inhibited erythrocyte hemolysis with the inhibit rate of 85.8% through inhibition of the ROS intracellular generation. In addition, soybean peptides could significantly restore the intracellular antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH‐Px, and CAT) activities, as well as inhibited intracellular MDA generation and depletion of GSH. The intracellular antioxidant detoxifying mechanism of soybean peptides was associated with both non‐enzymatic and enzymatic defense systems. According to this study, fermentation could effectively improve the antioxidant activities of soybean peptides.