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Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing

The tympanoperiotic complex (TPC) bones of the fin whale skull were studied using experimental measurements and simulation modeling to provide insight into the low frequency hearing of these animals. The study focused on measuring the sounds emitted by the left and right TPC bones when the bones wer...

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Autores principales: Morris, Margaret, Krysl, Petr, Hildebrand, John, Cranford, Ted
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10566675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37819911
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288119
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author Morris, Margaret
Krysl, Petr
Hildebrand, John
Cranford, Ted
author_facet Morris, Margaret
Krysl, Petr
Hildebrand, John
Cranford, Ted
author_sort Morris, Margaret
collection PubMed
description The tympanoperiotic complex (TPC) bones of the fin whale skull were studied using experimental measurements and simulation modeling to provide insight into the low frequency hearing of these animals. The study focused on measuring the sounds emitted by the left and right TPC bones when the bones were tapped at designated locations. Radiated sound was recorded by eight microphones arranged around the tympanic bulla. A finite element model was also created to simulate the natural mode vibrations of the TPC and ossicular chain, using a 3D mesh generated from a CT scan. The simulations produced mode shapes and frequencies for various Young’s modulus and density values. The recorded sound amplitudes were compared with the normal component of the simulated displacement and it was found that the modes identified in the experiment most closely resembled those found with Young’s modulus for stiff and flexible bone set to 25 and 5 GPa, respectively. The first twelve modes of vibration of the TPC had resonance frequencies between 100Hz and 6kHz. Many vibrational modes focused energy at the sigmoidal process, and therefore the ossicular chain. The resonance frequencies of the left and right TPC were offset, suggesting a mechanism for the animals to have improved hearing at a range of frequencies as well as a mechanism for directionality in their perception of sounds.
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spelling pubmed-105666752023-10-12 Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing Morris, Margaret Krysl, Petr Hildebrand, John Cranford, Ted PLoS One Research Article The tympanoperiotic complex (TPC) bones of the fin whale skull were studied using experimental measurements and simulation modeling to provide insight into the low frequency hearing of these animals. The study focused on measuring the sounds emitted by the left and right TPC bones when the bones were tapped at designated locations. Radiated sound was recorded by eight microphones arranged around the tympanic bulla. A finite element model was also created to simulate the natural mode vibrations of the TPC and ossicular chain, using a 3D mesh generated from a CT scan. The simulations produced mode shapes and frequencies for various Young’s modulus and density values. The recorded sound amplitudes were compared with the normal component of the simulated displacement and it was found that the modes identified in the experiment most closely resembled those found with Young’s modulus for stiff and flexible bone set to 25 and 5 GPa, respectively. The first twelve modes of vibration of the TPC had resonance frequencies between 100Hz and 6kHz. Many vibrational modes focused energy at the sigmoidal process, and therefore the ossicular chain. The resonance frequencies of the left and right TPC were offset, suggesting a mechanism for the animals to have improved hearing at a range of frequencies as well as a mechanism for directionality in their perception of sounds. Public Library of Science 2023-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10566675/ /pubmed/37819911 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288119 Text en © 2023 Morris et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Morris, Margaret
Krysl, Petr
Hildebrand, John
Cranford, Ted
Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title_full Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title_fullStr Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title_full_unstemmed Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title_short Resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
title_sort resonance of the tympanoperiotic complex of fin whales with implications for their low frequency hearing
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10566675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37819911
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288119
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