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Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea

Ramie (Boehmeria nivea, BN) is used as livestock forage through suitable silage fermentation owing to its nutritional value. To date, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of dietary fermented BN (FBN) on gut health in finishing pigs. The aim of the present study was to investigate th...

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Autores principales: Liang, Xiaoxiao, Zhai, Zhenya, Ren, Fengyun, Jie, Yucheng, Kim, Soo-Ki, Niu, Kai-Min, Wu, Xin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37841475
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1253778
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author Liang, Xiaoxiao
Zhai, Zhenya
Ren, Fengyun
Jie, Yucheng
Kim, Soo-Ki
Niu, Kai-Min
Wu, Xin
author_facet Liang, Xiaoxiao
Zhai, Zhenya
Ren, Fengyun
Jie, Yucheng
Kim, Soo-Ki
Niu, Kai-Min
Wu, Xin
author_sort Liang, Xiaoxiao
collection PubMed
description Ramie (Boehmeria nivea, BN) is used as livestock forage through suitable silage fermentation owing to its nutritional value. To date, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of dietary fermented BN (FBN) on gut health in finishing pigs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 20% FBN on intestinal morphology, gene expression, and the functional response of the gut microbiota in finishing pigs. We found that FBN did not significantly affect serum antioxidant enzyme activities, ileal morphology, or the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, or tight junction proteins in the liver of the pigs. However, the gene expression levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and interleukin 6 (IL6) were significantly downregulated in the ileum. A metagenomic analysis demonstrated that, compared with that seen in the control group, the cecal microbiota of pigs in the FBN treatment group was more closely clustered and contained a greater number of unique microbes. Bacteria were the predominant kingdom in the cecal microbiota, while Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, and Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella were the dominant genera. Dietary FBN significantly increased the abundance of the probiotic bacterium Roseburia inulinivorans (p < 0.05). Functional analysis of the cecal microbiota showed that ABC transporter levels and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis-associated functions were diminished in FBN-fed pigs. Meanwhile, CAZyme analysis revealed that dietary FBN significantly downregulated the contents of carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as GT2, GH1, GH25, and GH13_31. In addition, cytochrome P450 analysis revealed that the abundance of CYP51 and CYP512 decreased with FBN treatment. An assessment of antibiotic resistance based on the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) annotation indicated that the cecal microbes from pigs in the FBN treatment group had increased resistance to lincosamide, streptogramin, and chloramphenicol and reduced resistance to amikacin, isepamicin, neomycin, lividomycin, gentamicin, paromomycin, ribostamycin, and butirosin. Finally, virulence factor-related analysis showed that putative hemolysin-associated functions were decreased, whereas fibronectin-binding protein, flagella, and alginate-associated functions were increased. Taken together, our data showed that FBN supplementation exerted only minor effects on intestinal morphology and microbial community composition, suggesting that it is potentially safe for use as a supplement in the diets of finishing pigs. However, more studies are needed to validate its functionality.
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spelling pubmed-105690262023-10-13 Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea Liang, Xiaoxiao Zhai, Zhenya Ren, Fengyun Jie, Yucheng Kim, Soo-Ki Niu, Kai-Min Wu, Xin Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Ramie (Boehmeria nivea, BN) is used as livestock forage through suitable silage fermentation owing to its nutritional value. To date, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of dietary fermented BN (FBN) on gut health in finishing pigs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 20% FBN on intestinal morphology, gene expression, and the functional response of the gut microbiota in finishing pigs. We found that FBN did not significantly affect serum antioxidant enzyme activities, ileal morphology, or the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, or tight junction proteins in the liver of the pigs. However, the gene expression levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and interleukin 6 (IL6) were significantly downregulated in the ileum. A metagenomic analysis demonstrated that, compared with that seen in the control group, the cecal microbiota of pigs in the FBN treatment group was more closely clustered and contained a greater number of unique microbes. Bacteria were the predominant kingdom in the cecal microbiota, while Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, and Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella were the dominant genera. Dietary FBN significantly increased the abundance of the probiotic bacterium Roseburia inulinivorans (p < 0.05). Functional analysis of the cecal microbiota showed that ABC transporter levels and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis-associated functions were diminished in FBN-fed pigs. Meanwhile, CAZyme analysis revealed that dietary FBN significantly downregulated the contents of carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as GT2, GH1, GH25, and GH13_31. In addition, cytochrome P450 analysis revealed that the abundance of CYP51 and CYP512 decreased with FBN treatment. An assessment of antibiotic resistance based on the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) annotation indicated that the cecal microbes from pigs in the FBN treatment group had increased resistance to lincosamide, streptogramin, and chloramphenicol and reduced resistance to amikacin, isepamicin, neomycin, lividomycin, gentamicin, paromomycin, ribostamycin, and butirosin. Finally, virulence factor-related analysis showed that putative hemolysin-associated functions were decreased, whereas fibronectin-binding protein, flagella, and alginate-associated functions were increased. Taken together, our data showed that FBN supplementation exerted only minor effects on intestinal morphology and microbial community composition, suggesting that it is potentially safe for use as a supplement in the diets of finishing pigs. However, more studies are needed to validate its functionality. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10569026/ /pubmed/37841475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1253778 Text en Copyright © 2023 Liang, Zhai, Ren, Jie, Kim, Niu and Wu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Liang, Xiaoxiao
Zhai, Zhenya
Ren, Fengyun
Jie, Yucheng
Kim, Soo-Ki
Niu, Kai-Min
Wu, Xin
Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title_full Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title_fullStr Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title_full_unstemmed Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title_short Metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented Boehmeria nivea
title_sort metagenomic characterization of the cecal microbiota community and functions in finishing pigs fed fermented boehmeria nivea
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569026/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37841475
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1253778
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