Factors Associated With Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the effect of different independent predictors on acute kidney injury (AKI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This meta-analysis adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A comprehensive database search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for the period from January 1, 2015, to August 15, 2023. The following key terms were employed: "transcatheter aortic valve implantation" OR "transcatheter aortic valve replacement" AND "acute kidney injury" OR "acute renal failure." Our search was limited to studies published exclusively in the English language. The statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan version 5.4.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration). Estimates were presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for categorical variables, while continuous variables were reported as mean difference (MD) with 95% CI. A total of 19 studies met the selection criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled incidence of AKI was reported as 20% (95% CI: 18-20%). Factors significantly associated with post-TAVI AKI encompass hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), high baseline creatinine levels, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EUROscore) II, and the transfemoral surgical approach.