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Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration

Echinoderms are a phylum of marine deterostomes with a range of interesting biological features. One remarkable ability is their impressive capacity to regenerate most of their adult tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). The research community has accumulated data that demonstrates th...

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Autores principales: Mashanov, Vladimir, Ademiluyi, Soji, Jacob Machado, Denis, Reid, Robert, Janies, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10570448/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37841894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2023.1258370
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author Mashanov, Vladimir
Ademiluyi, Soji
Jacob Machado, Denis
Reid, Robert
Janies, Daniel
author_facet Mashanov, Vladimir
Ademiluyi, Soji
Jacob Machado, Denis
Reid, Robert
Janies, Daniel
author_sort Mashanov, Vladimir
collection PubMed
description Echinoderms are a phylum of marine deterostomes with a range of interesting biological features. One remarkable ability is their impressive capacity to regenerate most of their adult tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). The research community has accumulated data that demonstrates that, in spite of the pentaradial adult body plan, echinoderms share deep similarities with their bilateral sister taxa such as hemichordates and chordates. Some of the new data reveal the complexity of the nervous system in echinoderms. In terms of the cellular architecture, one of the traits that is shared between the CNS of echinoderms and chordates is the presence of radial glia. In chordates, these cells act as the main progenitor population in CNS development. In mammals, radial glia are spent in embryogenesis and are no longer present in adults, being replaced with other neural cell types. In non-mammalian chordates, they are still detected in the mature CNS along with other types of glia. In echinoderms, radial glia also persist into the adulthood, but unlike in chordates, it is the only known glial cell type that is present in the fully developed CNS. The echinoderm radial glia is a multifunctional cell type. Radial glia forms the supporting scaffold of the neuroepithelium, exhibits secretory activity, clears up dying or damaged cells by phagocytosis, and, most importantly, acts as a major progenitor cell population. The latter function is critical for the outstanding developmental plasticity of the adult echinoderm CNS, including physiological cell turnover, indeterminate growth, and a remarkable capacity to regenerate major parts following autotomy or traumatic injury. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the organization and function of the echinoderm radial glia, with a focus on the role of this cell type in adult neurogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-105704482023-10-14 Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration Mashanov, Vladimir Ademiluyi, Soji Jacob Machado, Denis Reid, Robert Janies, Daniel Front Neural Circuits Neuroscience Echinoderms are a phylum of marine deterostomes with a range of interesting biological features. One remarkable ability is their impressive capacity to regenerate most of their adult tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). The research community has accumulated data that demonstrates that, in spite of the pentaradial adult body plan, echinoderms share deep similarities with their bilateral sister taxa such as hemichordates and chordates. Some of the new data reveal the complexity of the nervous system in echinoderms. In terms of the cellular architecture, one of the traits that is shared between the CNS of echinoderms and chordates is the presence of radial glia. In chordates, these cells act as the main progenitor population in CNS development. In mammals, radial glia are spent in embryogenesis and are no longer present in adults, being replaced with other neural cell types. In non-mammalian chordates, they are still detected in the mature CNS along with other types of glia. In echinoderms, radial glia also persist into the adulthood, but unlike in chordates, it is the only known glial cell type that is present in the fully developed CNS. The echinoderm radial glia is a multifunctional cell type. Radial glia forms the supporting scaffold of the neuroepithelium, exhibits secretory activity, clears up dying or damaged cells by phagocytosis, and, most importantly, acts as a major progenitor cell population. The latter function is critical for the outstanding developmental plasticity of the adult echinoderm CNS, including physiological cell turnover, indeterminate growth, and a remarkable capacity to regenerate major parts following autotomy or traumatic injury. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the organization and function of the echinoderm radial glia, with a focus on the role of this cell type in adult neurogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10570448/ /pubmed/37841894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2023.1258370 Text en Copyright © 2023 Mashanov, Ademiluyi, Jacob Machado, Reid and Janies. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Mashanov, Vladimir
Ademiluyi, Soji
Jacob Machado, Denis
Reid, Robert
Janies, Daniel
Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title_full Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title_fullStr Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title_short Echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
title_sort echinoderm radial glia in adult cell renewal, indeterminate growth, and regeneration
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10570448/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37841894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncir.2023.1258370
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