Hemoptysis in Cancer Patients

SIMPLE SUMMARY: This review explores hemoptysis in cancer patients. It delves into risk factors, epidemiology and clinical consequences. The need for a mortality prediction score for cancer patients with hemoptysis-related variables is needed, and this tool could aid in risk assessment, optimize the control of bleeding with critical care, implement tracheobronchial or vascular interventions, and guide treatment planning. Managing hemoptysis in cancer patients requires addressing the underlying cause and providing supportive care for improved quality of life. ABSTRACT: Hemoptysis in cancer patients can occur for various reasons, including infections, tumors, blood vessel abnormalities and inflammatory conditions. The degree of hemoptysis is commonly classified according to the quantity of blood expelled. However, volume-based definitions may not accurately reflect the clinical impact of bleeding. This review explores a more comprehensive approach to evaluating hemoptysis by considering its risk factors, epidemiology and clinical consequences. In particular, this review provides insight into the risk factors, identifies mortality rates associated with hemoptysis in cancer patients and highlights the need for developing a mortality prediction score specific for cancer patients. The use of hemoptysis-related variables may help stratify patients into risk categories; optimize the control of bleeding with critical care; implement the use of tracheobronchial or vascular interventions; and aid in treatment planning. Effective management of hemoptysis in cancer patients must address the underlying cause while also providing supportive care to improve patients’ quality of life.