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Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System

Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest in response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, triggers a series of gradual alterations in structure, metabolism, and function, as well as inflammatory gene expression that nurtures a low-grade proinflammatory milieu in human tissue. A gr...

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Autores principales: Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza, Scorza, Tatiana, Oubaha, Malika
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10571659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37830555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192341
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author Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza
Scorza, Tatiana
Oubaha, Malika
author_facet Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza
Scorza, Tatiana
Oubaha, Malika
author_sort Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza
collection PubMed
description Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest in response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, triggers a series of gradual alterations in structure, metabolism, and function, as well as inflammatory gene expression that nurtures a low-grade proinflammatory milieu in human tissue. A growing body of evidence indicates an accumulation of senescent neurons and blood vessels in response to stress and aging in the retina. Prolonged accumulation of senescent cells and long-term activation of stress signaling responses may lead to multiple chronic diseases, tissue dysfunction, and age-related pathologies by exposing neighboring cells to the heightened pathological senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the ultimate impacts of cellular senescence on the retinal vasculopathies and retinal vascular development remain ill-defined. In this review, we first summarize the molecular players and fundamental mechanisms driving cellular senescence, as well as the beneficial implications of senescent cells in driving vital physiological processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Then, the dual implications of senescent cells on the growth, hemostasis, and remodeling of retinal blood vessels are described to document how senescent cells contribute to both retinal vascular development and the severity of proliferative retinopathies. Finally, we discuss the two main senotherapeutic strategies—senolytics and senomorphics—that are being considered to safely interfere with the detrimental effects of cellular senescence.
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spelling pubmed-105716592023-10-14 Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza Scorza, Tatiana Oubaha, Malika Cells Review Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest in response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, triggers a series of gradual alterations in structure, metabolism, and function, as well as inflammatory gene expression that nurtures a low-grade proinflammatory milieu in human tissue. A growing body of evidence indicates an accumulation of senescent neurons and blood vessels in response to stress and aging in the retina. Prolonged accumulation of senescent cells and long-term activation of stress signaling responses may lead to multiple chronic diseases, tissue dysfunction, and age-related pathologies by exposing neighboring cells to the heightened pathological senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the ultimate impacts of cellular senescence on the retinal vasculopathies and retinal vascular development remain ill-defined. In this review, we first summarize the molecular players and fundamental mechanisms driving cellular senescence, as well as the beneficial implications of senescent cells in driving vital physiological processes such as embryogenesis, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Then, the dual implications of senescent cells on the growth, hemostasis, and remodeling of retinal blood vessels are described to document how senescent cells contribute to both retinal vascular development and the severity of proliferative retinopathies. Finally, we discuss the two main senotherapeutic strategies—senolytics and senomorphics—that are being considered to safely interfere with the detrimental effects of cellular senescence. MDPI 2023-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10571659/ /pubmed/37830555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192341 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Habibi-Kavashkohie, Mohammad Reza
Scorza, Tatiana
Oubaha, Malika
Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title_full Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title_fullStr Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title_full_unstemmed Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title_short Senescent Cells: Dual Implications on the Retinal Vascular System
title_sort senescent cells: dual implications on the retinal vascular system
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10571659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37830555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192341
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