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Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac condition with structural and functional impairment, where either the left ventricle or both ventricular chambers are enlarged, coinciding with reduced systolic pump function (reduced ejection fraction, rEF). The prevalence of DCM is more than 1:250 individu...

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Autores principales: Jeyalan, Visvesh, Austin, David, Loh, Shu Xian, Wangsaputra, Vincent Kharisma, Spyridopoulos, Ioakim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10571889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37830591
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192377
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author Jeyalan, Visvesh
Austin, David
Loh, Shu Xian
Wangsaputra, Vincent Kharisma
Spyridopoulos, Ioakim
author_facet Jeyalan, Visvesh
Austin, David
Loh, Shu Xian
Wangsaputra, Vincent Kharisma
Spyridopoulos, Ioakim
author_sort Jeyalan, Visvesh
collection PubMed
description Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac condition with structural and functional impairment, where either the left ventricle or both ventricular chambers are enlarged, coinciding with reduced systolic pump function (reduced ejection fraction, rEF). The prevalence of DCM is more than 1:250 individuals, and mortality largely due to heart failure in two-third of cases, and sudden cardiac death in one-third of patients. Damage to the myocardium, whether from a genetic or environmental cause such as viruses, triggers inflammation and recruits immune cells to the heart to repair the myocardium. Examination of myocardial biopsy tissue often reveals an inflammatory cell infiltrate, T lymphocyte (T cell) infiltration, or other activated immune cells. Despite medical therapy, adverse outcomes for DCM remain. The evidence base and existing literature suggest that upregulation of CX(3)CR1, migration of immune cells, together with cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with worse outcomes in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We hypothesise that this potentially occurs through cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in adverse remodelling. Immune modulators to target this pathway may potentially improve outcomes above and beyond current guideline-recommended therapy.
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spelling pubmed-105718892023-10-14 Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy? Jeyalan, Visvesh Austin, David Loh, Shu Xian Wangsaputra, Vincent Kharisma Spyridopoulos, Ioakim Cells Review Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac condition with structural and functional impairment, where either the left ventricle or both ventricular chambers are enlarged, coinciding with reduced systolic pump function (reduced ejection fraction, rEF). The prevalence of DCM is more than 1:250 individuals, and mortality largely due to heart failure in two-third of cases, and sudden cardiac death in one-third of patients. Damage to the myocardium, whether from a genetic or environmental cause such as viruses, triggers inflammation and recruits immune cells to the heart to repair the myocardium. Examination of myocardial biopsy tissue often reveals an inflammatory cell infiltrate, T lymphocyte (T cell) infiltration, or other activated immune cells. Despite medical therapy, adverse outcomes for DCM remain. The evidence base and existing literature suggest that upregulation of CX(3)CR1, migration of immune cells, together with cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with worse outcomes in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We hypothesise that this potentially occurs through cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in adverse remodelling. Immune modulators to target this pathway may potentially improve outcomes above and beyond current guideline-recommended therapy. MDPI 2023-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10571889/ /pubmed/37830591 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192377 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jeyalan, Visvesh
Austin, David
Loh, Shu Xian
Wangsaputra, Vincent Kharisma
Spyridopoulos, Ioakim
Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title_full Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title_fullStr Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title_full_unstemmed Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title_short Fractalkine/CX(3)CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
title_sort fractalkine/cx(3)cr1 in dilated cardiomyopathy: a potential future target for immunomodulatory therapy?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10571889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37830591
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192377
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