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Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease
The prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is high (22.4%). Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate many metabolic activities in the liver by promoting the export and oxidation of lipids, as well as de novo lipogenesis. They also control hepatic insulin sensit...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914605 |
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author | Vidal-Cevallos, Paulina Murúa-Beltrán Gall, Sofía Uribe, Misael Chávez-Tapia, Norberto C. |
author_facet | Vidal-Cevallos, Paulina Murúa-Beltrán Gall, Sofía Uribe, Misael Chávez-Tapia, Norberto C. |
author_sort | Vidal-Cevallos, Paulina |
collection | PubMed |
description | The prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is high (22.4%). Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate many metabolic activities in the liver by promoting the export and oxidation of lipids, as well as de novo lipogenesis. They also control hepatic insulin sensitivity and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis. Because of its importance in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the involvement of thyroid dysfunction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD seems plausible. The mechanisms implicated in this relationship include high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, low TH levels, and chronic inflammation. The activity of the TH receptor (THR)-β in response to THs is essential in the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism-induced NAFLD. Therefore, an orally active selective liver THR-β agonist, Resmetirom (MGL-3196), was developed, and has been shown to reduce liver fat content, and as a secondary end point, to improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The treatment of NAFLD with THR-β agonists seems quite promising, and other agonists are currently under development and investigation. This review aims to shine a light on the pathophysiological and epidemiological evidence regarding this relationship and the effect that treatment with THs and selective liver THR-β agonists have on hepatic lipid metabolism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10572395 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105723952023-10-14 Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease Vidal-Cevallos, Paulina Murúa-Beltrán Gall, Sofía Uribe, Misael Chávez-Tapia, Norberto C. Int J Mol Sci Review The prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is high (22.4%). Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate many metabolic activities in the liver by promoting the export and oxidation of lipids, as well as de novo lipogenesis. They also control hepatic insulin sensitivity and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis. Because of its importance in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the involvement of thyroid dysfunction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD seems plausible. The mechanisms implicated in this relationship include high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, low TH levels, and chronic inflammation. The activity of the TH receptor (THR)-β in response to THs is essential in the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism-induced NAFLD. Therefore, an orally active selective liver THR-β agonist, Resmetirom (MGL-3196), was developed, and has been shown to reduce liver fat content, and as a secondary end point, to improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The treatment of NAFLD with THR-β agonists seems quite promising, and other agonists are currently under development and investigation. This review aims to shine a light on the pathophysiological and epidemiological evidence regarding this relationship and the effect that treatment with THs and selective liver THR-β agonists have on hepatic lipid metabolism. MDPI 2023-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10572395/ /pubmed/37834051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914605 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Vidal-Cevallos, Paulina Murúa-Beltrán Gall, Sofía Uribe, Misael Chávez-Tapia, Norberto C. Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title | Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title_full | Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title_fullStr | Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title_short | Understanding the Relationship between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Thyroid Disease |
title_sort | understanding the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and thyroid disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914605 |
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