Cargando…
Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk
A fatty liver index (FLI) greater than sixty (FLI ≥ 60) is an established score for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which carries a high risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, while a FLI ≤ 20 rules out the presence of steatosis. Thus, we investigated whether...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914651 |
_version_ | 1785120276756824064 |
---|---|
author | Carli, Fabrizia Sabatini, Silvia Gaggini, Melania Sironi, Anna Maria Bedogni, Giorgio Gastaldelli, Amalia |
author_facet | Carli, Fabrizia Sabatini, Silvia Gaggini, Melania Sironi, Anna Maria Bedogni, Giorgio Gastaldelli, Amalia |
author_sort | Carli, Fabrizia |
collection | PubMed |
description | A fatty liver index (FLI) greater than sixty (FLI ≥ 60) is an established score for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which carries a high risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, while a FLI ≤ 20 rules out the presence of steatosis. Thus, we investigated whether FLI was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, i.e., visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SC), epicardial (EPI), extrapericardial (PERI), and total cardiac (CARD-AT) adipose tissue, hepatic fat ((by magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, and spectroscopy, MRS), and insulin resistance (IR, HOMA-IR and OGIS-index), and components of metabolic syndrome. All individuals with FLI ≥ 60 had MASLD, while none with FLI ≤ 20 had steatosis (by MRS). Subjects with FLI ≥ 60 had a higher BMI and visceral and cardiac fat (VAT > 1.7 kg, CARD-AT > 0.2 kg). FLI was positively associated with increased cardiac and visceral fat and components of metabolic syndrome. FLI, VAT, and CARD-AT were all associated with IR, increased blood pressure, cholesterol, and reduced HDL. For FLI ≥ 60, the cut-off values for fat depots and laboratory measures were estimated. In conclusion, FLI ≥ 60 identified not only subjects with steatosis but also those with IR, abdominal and cardiac fat accumulation, increased blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia, i.e., those at higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Targeted reduction of FLI components would help reduce cardiometabolic risk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10572624 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105726242023-10-14 Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk Carli, Fabrizia Sabatini, Silvia Gaggini, Melania Sironi, Anna Maria Bedogni, Giorgio Gastaldelli, Amalia Int J Mol Sci Article A fatty liver index (FLI) greater than sixty (FLI ≥ 60) is an established score for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which carries a high risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, while a FLI ≤ 20 rules out the presence of steatosis. Thus, we investigated whether FLI was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, i.e., visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SC), epicardial (EPI), extrapericardial (PERI), and total cardiac (CARD-AT) adipose tissue, hepatic fat ((by magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, and spectroscopy, MRS), and insulin resistance (IR, HOMA-IR and OGIS-index), and components of metabolic syndrome. All individuals with FLI ≥ 60 had MASLD, while none with FLI ≤ 20 had steatosis (by MRS). Subjects with FLI ≥ 60 had a higher BMI and visceral and cardiac fat (VAT > 1.7 kg, CARD-AT > 0.2 kg). FLI was positively associated with increased cardiac and visceral fat and components of metabolic syndrome. FLI, VAT, and CARD-AT were all associated with IR, increased blood pressure, cholesterol, and reduced HDL. For FLI ≥ 60, the cut-off values for fat depots and laboratory measures were estimated. In conclusion, FLI ≥ 60 identified not only subjects with steatosis but also those with IR, abdominal and cardiac fat accumulation, increased blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia, i.e., those at higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Targeted reduction of FLI components would help reduce cardiometabolic risk. MDPI 2023-09-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10572624/ /pubmed/37834099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914651 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Carli, Fabrizia Sabatini, Silvia Gaggini, Melania Sironi, Anna Maria Bedogni, Giorgio Gastaldelli, Amalia Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title | Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title_full | Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title_fullStr | Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title_full_unstemmed | Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title_short | Fatty Liver Index (FLI) Identifies Not Only Individuals with Liver Steatosis but Also at High Cardiometabolic Risk |
title_sort | fatty liver index (fli) identifies not only individuals with liver steatosis but also at high cardiometabolic risk |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914651 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT carlifabrizia fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk AT sabatinisilvia fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk AT gagginimelania fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk AT sironiannamaria fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk AT bedognigiorgio fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk AT gastaldelliamalia fattyliverindexfliidentifiesnotonlyindividualswithliversteatosisbutalsoathighcardiometabolicrisk |