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Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the most serious extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which increases the mortality of RA. Because the pathogenesis of RA-ILD remains poorly understood, appropriate therapeutic strategies and biomarkers have not yet been identified. Th...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572849/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37833957 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914509 |
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author | Kim, Yerin Yang, Hyung-In Kim, Kyoung-Soo |
author_facet | Kim, Yerin Yang, Hyung-In Kim, Kyoung-Soo |
author_sort | Kim, Yerin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the most serious extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which increases the mortality of RA. Because the pathogenesis of RA-ILD remains poorly understood, appropriate therapeutic strategies and biomarkers have not yet been identified. Thus, the goal of this review was to summarize and analyze the reported data on the etiology and pathogenesis of RA-ILD. The incidence of RA-ILD increases with age, and is also generally higher in men than in women and in patients with specific genetic variations and ethnicity. Lifestyle factors associated with an increased risk of RA-ILD include smoking and exposure to pollutants. The presence of an anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, high RA disease activity, and rheumatoid factor positivity also increase the risk of RA-ILD. We also explored the roles of biological processes (e.g., fibroblast–myofibroblast transition, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immunological processes), signaling pathways (e.g., JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt), and the histopathology of RA involved in RA-ILD pathogenesis based on published preclinical and clinical models of RA-ILD in animal and human studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10572849 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105728492023-10-14 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease Kim, Yerin Yang, Hyung-In Kim, Kyoung-Soo Int J Mol Sci Review Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the most serious extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which increases the mortality of RA. Because the pathogenesis of RA-ILD remains poorly understood, appropriate therapeutic strategies and biomarkers have not yet been identified. Thus, the goal of this review was to summarize and analyze the reported data on the etiology and pathogenesis of RA-ILD. The incidence of RA-ILD increases with age, and is also generally higher in men than in women and in patients with specific genetic variations and ethnicity. Lifestyle factors associated with an increased risk of RA-ILD include smoking and exposure to pollutants. The presence of an anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, high RA disease activity, and rheumatoid factor positivity also increase the risk of RA-ILD. We also explored the roles of biological processes (e.g., fibroblast–myofibroblast transition, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immunological processes), signaling pathways (e.g., JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt), and the histopathology of RA involved in RA-ILD pathogenesis based on published preclinical and clinical models of RA-ILD in animal and human studies. MDPI 2023-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10572849/ /pubmed/37833957 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914509 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kim, Yerin Yang, Hyung-In Kim, Kyoung-Soo Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title | Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title_full | Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title_fullStr | Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title_short | Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease |
title_sort | etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572849/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37833957 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914509 |
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