Cargando…

Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs

The recent advent of sophisticated technologies like sequencing and mass spectroscopy platforms combined with artificial intelligence-powered analytic tools has initiated a new era of “big data” research in various complex diseases of still-undetermined cause and mechanisms. The investigation of the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Fiocchi, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10573814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914912
_version_ 1785120548539334656
author Fiocchi, Claudio
author_facet Fiocchi, Claudio
author_sort Fiocchi, Claudio
collection PubMed
description The recent advent of sophisticated technologies like sequencing and mass spectroscopy platforms combined with artificial intelligence-powered analytic tools has initiated a new era of “big data” research in various complex diseases of still-undetermined cause and mechanisms. The investigation of these diseases was, until recently, limited to traditional in vitro and in vivo biological experimentation, but a clear switch to in silico methodologies is now under way. This review tries to provide a comprehensive assessment of state-of-the-art knowledge on omes, omics and multi-omics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The notion and importance of omes, omics and multi-omics in both health and complex diseases like IBD is introduced, followed by a discussion of the various omics believed to be relevant to IBD pathogenesis, and how multi-omics “big data” can generate new insights translatable into useful clinical tools in IBD such as biomarker identification, prediction of remission and relapse, response to therapy, and precision medicine. The pitfalls and limitations of current IBD multi-omics studies are critically analyzed, revealing that, regardless of the types of omes being analyzed, the majority of current reports are still based on simple associations of descriptive retrospective data from cross-sectional patient cohorts rather than more powerful longitudinally collected prospective datasets. Given this limitation, some suggestions are provided on how IBD multi-omics data may be optimized for greater clinical and therapeutic benefit. The review concludes by forecasting the upcoming incorporation of multi-omics analyses in the routine management of IBD.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10573814
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105738142023-10-14 Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs Fiocchi, Claudio Int J Mol Sci Review The recent advent of sophisticated technologies like sequencing and mass spectroscopy platforms combined with artificial intelligence-powered analytic tools has initiated a new era of “big data” research in various complex diseases of still-undetermined cause and mechanisms. The investigation of these diseases was, until recently, limited to traditional in vitro and in vivo biological experimentation, but a clear switch to in silico methodologies is now under way. This review tries to provide a comprehensive assessment of state-of-the-art knowledge on omes, omics and multi-omics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The notion and importance of omes, omics and multi-omics in both health and complex diseases like IBD is introduced, followed by a discussion of the various omics believed to be relevant to IBD pathogenesis, and how multi-omics “big data” can generate new insights translatable into useful clinical tools in IBD such as biomarker identification, prediction of remission and relapse, response to therapy, and precision medicine. The pitfalls and limitations of current IBD multi-omics studies are critically analyzed, revealing that, regardless of the types of omes being analyzed, the majority of current reports are still based on simple associations of descriptive retrospective data from cross-sectional patient cohorts rather than more powerful longitudinally collected prospective datasets. Given this limitation, some suggestions are provided on how IBD multi-omics data may be optimized for greater clinical and therapeutic benefit. The review concludes by forecasting the upcoming incorporation of multi-omics analyses in the routine management of IBD. MDPI 2023-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10573814/ /pubmed/37834360 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914912 Text en © 2023 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Fiocchi, Claudio
Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title_full Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title_fullStr Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title_full_unstemmed Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title_short Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs
title_sort omics and multi-omics in ibd: no integration, no breakthroughs
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10573814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37834360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914912
work_keys_str_mv AT fiocchiclaudio omicsandmultiomicsinibdnointegrationnobreakthroughs