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Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women and predisposes them to the development of metabolic disturbances. Recent research has shown that several metabolic factors may play a role in PCOS pathogenesis, and it has been suggested that an alte...

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Autores principales: Paczkowska, Katarzyna, Rachoń, Dominik, Berg, Andrzej, Rybka, Jacek, Kapczyńska, Katarzyna, Bolanowski, Marek, Daroszewski, Jacek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574162/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37836437
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194153
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author Paczkowska, Katarzyna
Rachoń, Dominik
Berg, Andrzej
Rybka, Jacek
Kapczyńska, Katarzyna
Bolanowski, Marek
Daroszewski, Jacek
author_facet Paczkowska, Katarzyna
Rachoń, Dominik
Berg, Andrzej
Rybka, Jacek
Kapczyńska, Katarzyna
Bolanowski, Marek
Daroszewski, Jacek
author_sort Paczkowska, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women and predisposes them to the development of metabolic disturbances. Recent research has shown that several metabolic factors may play a role in PCOS pathogenesis, and it has been suggested that an alteration in the amino acid profile might be a predictive sign of metabolic disorders. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) are concepts that have attracted scientific attention; however, a universal definition has not been established yet for these terms. Already existing definitions of MHO involve the coexistence of obesity with the absence or minimal presence of other metabolic syndrome parameters. A group of 326 women, 209 diagnosed with PCOS and 117 healthy individuals, participated in this study. Multiple parameters were assessed, including anthropometrical, biochemical, and hormonal ones, and gas–liquid chromatography, combined with tandem mass spectrometry, was used to investigate the amino acid profile. Statistical analysis revealed noticeably higher levels of all aromatic amino acids in PCOS women compared to the control group: phenylalanine 47.37 ± 7.0 vs. 45.4 ± 6.09 nmol/mL (p = 0.01), tyrosine 61.69 ± 9.56 vs. 58.08 ± 8.89 nmol/mL (p < 0.01), and tryptophan 53.66 ± 11.42 vs. 49.81 ± 11.18 nmol/mL (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference in the “tryptophan ratio” between the PCOS and control group (p = 0.88). A comparison of MHO and MUO PCOS women revealed that LAP, leucine, and isoleucine concentrations were significantly higher among the MUO subgroup: respectively, 101.98 ± 34.74 vs. 55.80 ± 24.33 (p < 0.001); 153.26 ± 22.26 vs. 137.25 ± 25.76 nmol/mL (p = 0.04); and 92.92 ± 16.09 vs. 82.60 ± 18.70 nmol/mL (p = 0.02). No significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR between MHO and MUO were found: respectively, 35.0 ± 4.8 vs. 36.1 ± 4.6 kg/m(2) (p = 0.59); 88.0 ± 6.0 vs. 87.73 ± 6.28 mg/dL (p = 0.67); and 3.36 ± 1.70 vs. 4.17 ± 1.77 (p = 0.1). The identification of altered amino acid profiles in PCOS holds potential clinical implications. Amino acids may serve as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring the metabolic status of individuals with PCOS. The alteration of BCAAs and AAAs may be involved in PCOS pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanism should be further investigated.
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spelling pubmed-105741622023-10-14 Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis Paczkowska, Katarzyna Rachoń, Dominik Berg, Andrzej Rybka, Jacek Kapczyńska, Katarzyna Bolanowski, Marek Daroszewski, Jacek Nutrients Article Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women and predisposes them to the development of metabolic disturbances. Recent research has shown that several metabolic factors may play a role in PCOS pathogenesis, and it has been suggested that an alteration in the amino acid profile might be a predictive sign of metabolic disorders. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) are concepts that have attracted scientific attention; however, a universal definition has not been established yet for these terms. Already existing definitions of MHO involve the coexistence of obesity with the absence or minimal presence of other metabolic syndrome parameters. A group of 326 women, 209 diagnosed with PCOS and 117 healthy individuals, participated in this study. Multiple parameters were assessed, including anthropometrical, biochemical, and hormonal ones, and gas–liquid chromatography, combined with tandem mass spectrometry, was used to investigate the amino acid profile. Statistical analysis revealed noticeably higher levels of all aromatic amino acids in PCOS women compared to the control group: phenylalanine 47.37 ± 7.0 vs. 45.4 ± 6.09 nmol/mL (p = 0.01), tyrosine 61.69 ± 9.56 vs. 58.08 ± 8.89 nmol/mL (p < 0.01), and tryptophan 53.66 ± 11.42 vs. 49.81 ± 11.18 nmol/mL (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference in the “tryptophan ratio” between the PCOS and control group (p = 0.88). A comparison of MHO and MUO PCOS women revealed that LAP, leucine, and isoleucine concentrations were significantly higher among the MUO subgroup: respectively, 101.98 ± 34.74 vs. 55.80 ± 24.33 (p < 0.001); 153.26 ± 22.26 vs. 137.25 ± 25.76 nmol/mL (p = 0.04); and 92.92 ± 16.09 vs. 82.60 ± 18.70 nmol/mL (p = 0.02). No significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR between MHO and MUO were found: respectively, 35.0 ± 4.8 vs. 36.1 ± 4.6 kg/m(2) (p = 0.59); 88.0 ± 6.0 vs. 87.73 ± 6.28 mg/dL (p = 0.67); and 3.36 ± 1.70 vs. 4.17 ± 1.77 (p = 0.1). The identification of altered amino acid profiles in PCOS holds potential clinical implications. Amino acids may serve as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring the metabolic status of individuals with PCOS. The alteration of BCAAs and AAAs may be involved in PCOS pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanism should be further investigated. MDPI 2023-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10574162/ /pubmed/37836437 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194153 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Paczkowska, Katarzyna
Rachoń, Dominik
Berg, Andrzej
Rybka, Jacek
Kapczyńska, Katarzyna
Bolanowski, Marek
Daroszewski, Jacek
Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title_full Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title_fullStr Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title_short Alteration of Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acid Profile as a Novel Approach in Studying Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathogenesis
title_sort alteration of branched-chain and aromatic amino acid profile as a novel approach in studying polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574162/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37836437
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194153
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