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Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan
Breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) can be different when median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is similar. The BMIC, UIC/creatinine (Cr), estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) of lactating women in Taiwan is unknown. This study enrolled lactating women from Taipei Veterans Gene...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574722/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37836409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194125 |
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author | Huang, Chun-Jui Li, Jia-Zhen Hwu, Chii-Min Chen, Harn-Shen Wang, Fan-Fen Yeh, Chang-Ching Yang, Chen-Chang |
author_facet | Huang, Chun-Jui Li, Jia-Zhen Hwu, Chii-Min Chen, Harn-Shen Wang, Fan-Fen Yeh, Chang-Ching Yang, Chen-Chang |
author_sort | Huang, Chun-Jui |
collection | PubMed |
description | Breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) can be different when median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is similar. The BMIC, UIC/creatinine (Cr), estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) of lactating women in Taiwan is unknown. This study enrolled lactating women from Taipei Veterans General Hospital (August 2021–February 2023). Each participant provided a random spot urine sample, two breast milk samples, a blood sample, and completed a food frequency questionnaire on the same day. Iodine measurement was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The median UIC of the enrolled 71 women was 91.1 μg/L, indicating insufficient iodine status; however, the median BMIC was 166.6 μg/L and this suggested that the amount of iodine delivered through breast milk was adequate for the breastfed infants. BMIC was correlated with UIC/Cr and 24-h UIE (both r(s) = 0.49) but not with UIC (r(s) = 0.18) or thyroid stimulating hormone (r(s) = 0.07). Women who did not consume dairy products (adjusted odds ratio: 24.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.26–471.2) and multivitamins (adjusted odds ratio: 8.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.76–38.79) were at increased odds for having lower BMIC. The results suggest that measuring maternal UIC alone may not be sufficient, as BMIC, UIC/Cr, and 24-h UIE are all important biomarkers. Ingestion of dairy products and multivitamins were independently associated with BMIC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10574722 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105747222023-10-14 Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan Huang, Chun-Jui Li, Jia-Zhen Hwu, Chii-Min Chen, Harn-Shen Wang, Fan-Fen Yeh, Chang-Ching Yang, Chen-Chang Nutrients Article Breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) can be different when median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is similar. The BMIC, UIC/creatinine (Cr), estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) of lactating women in Taiwan is unknown. This study enrolled lactating women from Taipei Veterans General Hospital (August 2021–February 2023). Each participant provided a random spot urine sample, two breast milk samples, a blood sample, and completed a food frequency questionnaire on the same day. Iodine measurement was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The median UIC of the enrolled 71 women was 91.1 μg/L, indicating insufficient iodine status; however, the median BMIC was 166.6 μg/L and this suggested that the amount of iodine delivered through breast milk was adequate for the breastfed infants. BMIC was correlated with UIC/Cr and 24-h UIE (both r(s) = 0.49) but not with UIC (r(s) = 0.18) or thyroid stimulating hormone (r(s) = 0.07). Women who did not consume dairy products (adjusted odds ratio: 24.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.26–471.2) and multivitamins (adjusted odds ratio: 8.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.76–38.79) were at increased odds for having lower BMIC. The results suggest that measuring maternal UIC alone may not be sufficient, as BMIC, UIC/Cr, and 24-h UIE are all important biomarkers. Ingestion of dairy products and multivitamins were independently associated with BMIC. MDPI 2023-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10574722/ /pubmed/37836409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194125 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Huang, Chun-Jui Li, Jia-Zhen Hwu, Chii-Min Chen, Harn-Shen Wang, Fan-Fen Yeh, Chang-Ching Yang, Chen-Chang Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title | Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title_full | Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title_fullStr | Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title_full_unstemmed | Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title_short | Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan |
title_sort | iodine concentration in the breast milk and urine as biomarkers of iodine nutritional status of lactating women and breastfed infants in taiwan |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574722/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37836409 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15194125 |
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