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A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing
In this study, we successfully address a significant research and engineering gap by quantitatively assessing the impact of varying compressive loading rates on the mechanical behavior of four popular thermoplastic polymers in material-extrusion-based (MEX) 3D printing. Raw powders of polycarbonate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37835975 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15193926 |
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author | Petousis, Markos Ntintakis, Ioannis David, Constantine Sagris, Dimitrios Nasikas, Nektarios K. Korlos, Apostolos Moutsopoulou, Amalia Vidakis, Nectarios |
author_facet | Petousis, Markos Ntintakis, Ioannis David, Constantine Sagris, Dimitrios Nasikas, Nektarios K. Korlos, Apostolos Moutsopoulou, Amalia Vidakis, Nectarios |
author_sort | Petousis, Markos |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, we successfully address a significant research and engineering gap by quantitatively assessing the impact of varying compressive loading rates on the mechanical behavior of four popular thermoplastic polymers in material-extrusion-based (MEX) 3D printing. Raw powders of polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were processed through melt extrusion, and the filaments were used to 3D-print the test samples. For completeness, thermogravimetric analysis and a compressive test following the ASTM-D695 standard were conducted. Ultimately, the compressive strength and yield stress, the compressive modulus of elasticity and toughness, and the maximum compressive sensitivity index were thoroughly documented. Specimens were tested in strain rates from 1.3 mm/min to 200 mm/min. The compressive strength (40% for the PMMA) and stiffness (29% for the TPU) increased with the increase in the strain rate in all polymers tested. PC had the highest strain rate sensitivity. Significant variations in deformation and fracture modes were observed and thoroughly documented throughout this study. Our findings can be useful in industrial engineering as valued design optimization input parameters in various applications involving the above-mentioned polymeric materials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10574899 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105748992023-10-14 A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing Petousis, Markos Ntintakis, Ioannis David, Constantine Sagris, Dimitrios Nasikas, Nektarios K. Korlos, Apostolos Moutsopoulou, Amalia Vidakis, Nectarios Polymers (Basel) Article In this study, we successfully address a significant research and engineering gap by quantitatively assessing the impact of varying compressive loading rates on the mechanical behavior of four popular thermoplastic polymers in material-extrusion-based (MEX) 3D printing. Raw powders of polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were processed through melt extrusion, and the filaments were used to 3D-print the test samples. For completeness, thermogravimetric analysis and a compressive test following the ASTM-D695 standard were conducted. Ultimately, the compressive strength and yield stress, the compressive modulus of elasticity and toughness, and the maximum compressive sensitivity index were thoroughly documented. Specimens were tested in strain rates from 1.3 mm/min to 200 mm/min. The compressive strength (40% for the PMMA) and stiffness (29% for the TPU) increased with the increase in the strain rate in all polymers tested. PC had the highest strain rate sensitivity. Significant variations in deformation and fracture modes were observed and thoroughly documented throughout this study. Our findings can be useful in industrial engineering as valued design optimization input parameters in various applications involving the above-mentioned polymeric materials. MDPI 2023-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10574899/ /pubmed/37835975 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15193926 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Petousis, Markos Ntintakis, Ioannis David, Constantine Sagris, Dimitrios Nasikas, Nektarios K. Korlos, Apostolos Moutsopoulou, Amalia Vidakis, Nectarios A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title | A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title_full | A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title_fullStr | A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title_full_unstemmed | A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title_short | A Coherent Assessment of the Compressive Strain Rate Response of PC, PETG, PMMA, and TPU Thermoplastics in MEX Additive Manufacturing |
title_sort | coherent assessment of the compressive strain rate response of pc, petg, pmma, and tpu thermoplastics in mex additive manufacturing |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574899/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37835975 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15193926 |
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