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Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis

Macrophages play fundamental roles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, growth, and regression. These cells are extremely plastic and perform different immune functions depending on the stimuli they receive. Initial in vitro studies have identified specific metabolic pathways that are crucial for th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo, Goedeke, Leigh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37849988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/IN9.0000000000000032
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author Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo
Goedeke, Leigh
author_facet Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo
Goedeke, Leigh
author_sort Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo
collection PubMed
description Macrophages play fundamental roles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, growth, and regression. These cells are extremely plastic and perform different immune functions depending on the stimuli they receive. Initial in vitro studies have identified specific metabolic pathways that are crucial for the proper function of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophages. However, the plaque microenvironment, especially in the context of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, constantly challenges macrophages with several simultaneous inflammatory and metabolic stimuli, which may explain why atherosclerosis is accelerated in diabetic patients. In this mini review, we discuss how macrophage mitochondrial function and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids may be affected by this complex plaque microenvironment and how risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes alter the metabolic rewiring of macrophages and disease progression. We also briefly discuss current challenges in assessing macrophage metabolism and identify future tools and possible strategies to alter macrophage metabolism to improve treatment options for diabetes-associated atherosclerosis.
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spelling pubmed-105785222023-10-17 Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo Goedeke, Leigh Immunometabolism (Cobham) Mini Review Macrophages play fundamental roles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, growth, and regression. These cells are extremely plastic and perform different immune functions depending on the stimuli they receive. Initial in vitro studies have identified specific metabolic pathways that are crucial for the proper function of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophages. However, the plaque microenvironment, especially in the context of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, constantly challenges macrophages with several simultaneous inflammatory and metabolic stimuli, which may explain why atherosclerosis is accelerated in diabetic patients. In this mini review, we discuss how macrophage mitochondrial function and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids may be affected by this complex plaque microenvironment and how risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes alter the metabolic rewiring of macrophages and disease progression. We also briefly discuss current challenges in assessing macrophage metabolism and identify future tools and possible strategies to alter macrophage metabolism to improve treatment options for diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10578522/ /pubmed/37849988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/IN9.0000000000000032 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s), Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This paper is published under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Mini Review
Gindri dos Santos, Bernardo
Goedeke, Leigh
Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title_full Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title_fullStr Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title_short Macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
title_sort macrophage immunometabolism in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis
topic Mini Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37849988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/IN9.0000000000000032
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