Cargando…
Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads
During U.S. Army basic combat training (BCT), women are more prone to lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries, including stress fracture (SF) of the tibia, with injury rates two to four times higher than those in men. There is evidence to suggest that the different injury rates are, in part, due to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10579583/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37854880 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250937 |
_version_ | 1785121753938264064 |
---|---|
author | Rubio, Jose E. Tong, Junfei Sundaramurthy, Aravind Subramani, Adhitya V. Kote, Vivek Bhaskar Baggaley, Michael Edwards, W. Brent Reifman, Jaques |
author_facet | Rubio, Jose E. Tong, Junfei Sundaramurthy, Aravind Subramani, Adhitya V. Kote, Vivek Bhaskar Baggaley, Michael Edwards, W. Brent Reifman, Jaques |
author_sort | Rubio, Jose E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | During U.S. Army basic combat training (BCT), women are more prone to lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries, including stress fracture (SF) of the tibia, with injury rates two to four times higher than those in men. There is evidence to suggest that the different injury rates are, in part, due to sex-specific differences in running biomechanics, including lower-extremity joint kinematics and kinetics, which are not fully understood, particularly when running with external load. To address this knowledge gap, we collected computed tomography images and motion-capture data from 41 young, healthy adults (20 women and 21 men) running on an instrumented treadmill at 3.0 m/s with loads of 0.0 kg, 11.3 kg, or 22.7 kg. Using individualized computational models, we quantified the running biomechanics and estimated tibial SF risk over 10 weeks of BCT, for each load condition. Across all load conditions, compared to men, women had a significantly smaller flexion angle at the trunk (16.9%–24.6%) but larger flexion angles at the ankle (14.0%–14.7%). Under load-carriage conditions, women had a larger flexion angle at the hip (17.7%–23.5%). In addition, women had a significantly smaller hip extension moment (11.8%–20.0%) and ankle plantarflexion moment (10.2%–14.3%), but larger joint reaction forces (JRFs) at the hip (16.1%–22.0%), knee (9.1%–14.2%), and ankle (8.2%–12.9%). Consequently, we found that women had a greater increase in tibial strain and SF risk than men as load increases, indicating higher susceptibility to injuries. When load carriage increased from 0.0 kg to 22.7 kg, SF risk increased by about 250% in women but only 133% in men. These results provide quantitative evidence to support the Army’s new training and testing doctrine, as it shifts to a more personalized approach that shall account for sex and individual differences. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10579583 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105795832023-10-18 Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads Rubio, Jose E. Tong, Junfei Sundaramurthy, Aravind Subramani, Adhitya V. Kote, Vivek Bhaskar Baggaley, Michael Edwards, W. Brent Reifman, Jaques Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology During U.S. Army basic combat training (BCT), women are more prone to lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries, including stress fracture (SF) of the tibia, with injury rates two to four times higher than those in men. There is evidence to suggest that the different injury rates are, in part, due to sex-specific differences in running biomechanics, including lower-extremity joint kinematics and kinetics, which are not fully understood, particularly when running with external load. To address this knowledge gap, we collected computed tomography images and motion-capture data from 41 young, healthy adults (20 women and 21 men) running on an instrumented treadmill at 3.0 m/s with loads of 0.0 kg, 11.3 kg, or 22.7 kg. Using individualized computational models, we quantified the running biomechanics and estimated tibial SF risk over 10 weeks of BCT, for each load condition. Across all load conditions, compared to men, women had a significantly smaller flexion angle at the trunk (16.9%–24.6%) but larger flexion angles at the ankle (14.0%–14.7%). Under load-carriage conditions, women had a larger flexion angle at the hip (17.7%–23.5%). In addition, women had a significantly smaller hip extension moment (11.8%–20.0%) and ankle plantarflexion moment (10.2%–14.3%), but larger joint reaction forces (JRFs) at the hip (16.1%–22.0%), knee (9.1%–14.2%), and ankle (8.2%–12.9%). Consequently, we found that women had a greater increase in tibial strain and SF risk than men as load increases, indicating higher susceptibility to injuries. When load carriage increased from 0.0 kg to 22.7 kg, SF risk increased by about 250% in women but only 133% in men. These results provide quantitative evidence to support the Army’s new training and testing doctrine, as it shifts to a more personalized approach that shall account for sex and individual differences. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10579583/ /pubmed/37854880 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250937 Text en Copyright © 2023 Rubio, Tong, Sundaramurthy, Subramani, Kote, Baggaley, Edwards and Reifman. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Rubio, Jose E. Tong, Junfei Sundaramurthy, Aravind Subramani, Adhitya V. Kote, Vivek Bhaskar Baggaley, Michael Edwards, W. Brent Reifman, Jaques Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title | Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title_full | Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title_fullStr | Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title_full_unstemmed | Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title_short | Differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
title_sort | differences in running biomechanics between young, healthy men and women carrying external loads |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10579583/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37854880 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250937 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rubiojosee differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT tongjunfei differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT sundaramurthyaravind differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT subramaniadhityav differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT kotevivekbhaskar differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT baggaleymichael differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT edwardswbrent differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads AT reifmanjaques differencesinrunningbiomechanicsbetweenyounghealthymenandwomencarryingexternalloads |