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The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco

In this review two new hypotheses are explored, one, that the decline in coronary heart disease is mainly due to a dramatic decline in the prevalence of underlying atherosclerosis and two, that tobacco smoking has been a much greater influence on atherosclerosis than previously estimated. The major...

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Autor principal: Lawson, James S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10579586/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37855020
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1267205
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author Lawson, James S.
author_facet Lawson, James S.
author_sort Lawson, James S.
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description In this review two new hypotheses are explored, one, that the decline in coronary heart disease is mainly due to a dramatic decline in the prevalence of underlying atherosclerosis and two, that tobacco smoking has been a much greater influence on atherosclerosis than previously estimated. The major outcome of coronary atherosclerosis is myocardial infarction. Between 1900 and 1960 the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis dramatically rose in young male soldiers. Between 1960 and 2010 the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in young US soldiers equally dramatically fell. Understanding the reasons for this rise and fall offers important insights into the causes of atherosclerosis. In 1960 over 50% of US military personnel were tobacco smokers but by 1988 the rate had reduced to 30%. The increased prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in young soldiers between 1900 and 1960 was mainly due to increased tobacco smoking. An additional influence was an increase in food and sugar consumption. The fall in atherosclerosis between 1960 and 2010 was probably due to a reduction in tobacco smoking and to a lesser extent, control of hypertension and lowering of high serum total cholesterol. In Western populations up to two thirds of the fall in deaths due to myocardial infarction has been shown to be due to declines in the incidence of heart attacks. Based on the data included in this review it is arguable that the main reason for the fall in the incidence of heart attacks is the fall in the prevalence of underlying coronary atherosclerosis. The adverse influences of tobacco have been well documented. However the enormity of these adverse influences has not been recognised. Over 50% of men continue to smoke tobacco in China, Indonesia, Russia and middle eastern countries. Based on the experience of Western countries over half of these men will die of smoking related conditions.
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spelling pubmed-105795862023-10-18 The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco Lawson, James S. Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine In this review two new hypotheses are explored, one, that the decline in coronary heart disease is mainly due to a dramatic decline in the prevalence of underlying atherosclerosis and two, that tobacco smoking has been a much greater influence on atherosclerosis than previously estimated. The major outcome of coronary atherosclerosis is myocardial infarction. Between 1900 and 1960 the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis dramatically rose in young male soldiers. Between 1960 and 2010 the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in young US soldiers equally dramatically fell. Understanding the reasons for this rise and fall offers important insights into the causes of atherosclerosis. In 1960 over 50% of US military personnel were tobacco smokers but by 1988 the rate had reduced to 30%. The increased prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in young soldiers between 1900 and 1960 was mainly due to increased tobacco smoking. An additional influence was an increase in food and sugar consumption. The fall in atherosclerosis between 1960 and 2010 was probably due to a reduction in tobacco smoking and to a lesser extent, control of hypertension and lowering of high serum total cholesterol. In Western populations up to two thirds of the fall in deaths due to myocardial infarction has been shown to be due to declines in the incidence of heart attacks. Based on the data included in this review it is arguable that the main reason for the fall in the incidence of heart attacks is the fall in the prevalence of underlying coronary atherosclerosis. The adverse influences of tobacco have been well documented. However the enormity of these adverse influences has not been recognised. Over 50% of men continue to smoke tobacco in China, Indonesia, Russia and middle eastern countries. Based on the experience of Western countries over half of these men will die of smoking related conditions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10579586/ /pubmed/37855020 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1267205 Text en © 2023 Lawson. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Lawson, James S.
The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title_full The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title_fullStr The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title_full_unstemmed The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title_short The rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
title_sort rise and fall of tobacco smoking and associated rise and fall of coronary atherosclerosis the lethal role of tobacco
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10579586/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37855020
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1267205
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