A rare case of Burkitt's lymphoma of the breast in a 19‐year‐old male: Case report

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that can affect various parts of the body, which include jaw, facial bones, retroperitoneum, and abdominal viscera, it is worth noting that breast involvement is extremely rare in Burkitt's lymphoma and has not been documented. ABSTRACT: Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that can affect various parts of the body including breast. This sarcoma is identified as a rapidly fatal malignant lymphoma syndrome and 50% of all malignant tumors in children. However, breast involvement has not been documented. A 19‐year‐old male presented to our emergency department with a left breast swelling for 2 months associated with drenching night sweats, weight loss and evening fevers. Physical examination revealed a mass measuring approximately 15 × 16 × 15 cm in the widest dimension, skin hyperpigmentation, no nipple discolorations, discharges, and non‐tender on palpation. Biopsy was done, and the histology report revealed sheets of monomorphic medium lymphocytes with a high mitotic rate and frequent apoptotic bodies showing a starry‐sky appearance. The immunohistochemistry report revealed positive staining for Ki‐67, CD‐20, and CD‐10 tumor markers and CD45 on flow cytometry. The patient was started on aggressive hydration, rasubricase administration, CODOX‐M/IVAC regimen 6 cycles, and G‐CSF and registered significant reduction in the size of the mass. Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma that can affect various parts of the body. It commonly involves the jaw, facial bones, retroperitoneum, and abdominal viscera. The disease typically affects young patients in areas of high incidence, such as the jaw, whereas visceral involvement is more common in older patients in low‐incidence areas. It is worth noting that breast involvement is extremely rare in Burkitt's lymphoma.