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Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study
BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSI) after cesarean section are common in Ethiopia and result in maternal morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and medical costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence, bacterial profile, and associated factors of surgical site infection after cesarean s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37854040 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S425632 |
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author | Mezemir, Rahel Olayemi, Oladapo Dessie, Yadeta |
author_facet | Mezemir, Rahel Olayemi, Oladapo Dessie, Yadeta |
author_sort | Mezemir, Rahel |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSI) after cesarean section are common in Ethiopia and result in maternal morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and medical costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence, bacterial profile, and associated factors of surgical site infection after cesarean section (CS) in public and private referral hospitals. METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 741 pregnant women who underwent CS from July to September 2022. Women who had CS were followed up for at least 30 days. Infected wound specimens from those who had SSIs were collected and bacteriologically analyzed. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 25. The logistic regression model assessed the relationship between the independent variable and the outcome with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The incidence of post-cesarean surgical site infection was 11.6% (95% Cl: 9.4, 13.6). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria in CS wounds 10 (21.2%). Two to three antenatal care visits (ANC) (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.69, 5.75), delayed antenatal booking (AOR: 6.99, 95% CI: 2.09, 23.32), membrane rupture (AOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.24), multiple vaginal examinations (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.35, 6.92) and public hospitals (AOR: 11.1, 95% CI: 1.48, 45, 14) were associated with increased risk of SSI after CS, in contrary shorter hospital stays (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.91) and transversal incisions (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.91) were associated with lower risk SSI after CS. CONCLUSION: The incidence of SSI after CS was high. Delayed antenatal booking, two to three antenatal visits, multiple vaginal exams, membrane rupture, vertical incision, longer postoperative hospital stays, and procedures in public hospitals were associated with increased risk of SSI after CS. Therefore, intervention programs should focus on post-discharge surveillance and identification of risk to reduce and prevent SSI after CS rate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10581010 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105810102023-10-18 Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study Mezemir, Rahel Olayemi, Oladapo Dessie, Yadeta Int J Womens Health Original Research BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSI) after cesarean section are common in Ethiopia and result in maternal morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and medical costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence, bacterial profile, and associated factors of surgical site infection after cesarean section (CS) in public and private referral hospitals. METHODS: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 741 pregnant women who underwent CS from July to September 2022. Women who had CS were followed up for at least 30 days. Infected wound specimens from those who had SSIs were collected and bacteriologically analyzed. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 25. The logistic regression model assessed the relationship between the independent variable and the outcome with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The incidence of post-cesarean surgical site infection was 11.6% (95% Cl: 9.4, 13.6). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria in CS wounds 10 (21.2%). Two to three antenatal care visits (ANC) (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.69, 5.75), delayed antenatal booking (AOR: 6.99, 95% CI: 2.09, 23.32), membrane rupture (AOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.24), multiple vaginal examinations (AOR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.35, 6.92) and public hospitals (AOR: 11.1, 95% CI: 1.48, 45, 14) were associated with increased risk of SSI after CS, in contrary shorter hospital stays (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.91) and transversal incisions (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.91) were associated with lower risk SSI after CS. CONCLUSION: The incidence of SSI after CS was high. Delayed antenatal booking, two to three antenatal visits, multiple vaginal exams, membrane rupture, vertical incision, longer postoperative hospital stays, and procedures in public hospitals were associated with increased risk of SSI after CS. Therefore, intervention programs should focus on post-discharge surveillance and identification of risk to reduce and prevent SSI after CS rate. Dove 2023-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10581010/ /pubmed/37854040 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S425632 Text en © 2023 Mezemir et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Mezemir, Rahel Olayemi, Oladapo Dessie, Yadeta Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title | Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_full | Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_short | Incidence, Bacterial Profile and Predictors of Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section in Ethiopia, A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_sort | incidence, bacterial profile and predictors of surgical site infection after cesarean section in ethiopia, a prospective cohort study |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37854040 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S425632 |
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