The “White Cerebellum Sign”, a Striking Computed Tomography Scan Finding in a Critically Ill Infant: A Case Report

The “white cerebellum sign” is a striking neuroradiological finding, resulting from diffuse hypodense brain lesions in both cerebral hemispheres while sparing the cerebellum. This indicates widespread ischemic damage or expanded cerebral edema associated with the loss of white-gray matter differentiation. It is commonly reported in pediatric cases with severe neurological conditions, usually resulting in a poor prognosis. We present a case of a three-month-old female infant who was managed for confirmed acute bacterial meningitis complicated by status epilepticus, where the Computed tomography scan (CT scan) showed the “white cerebellum sign” in relation to diffuse cerebral hypoxic-ischemic lesions. However, the patient had a favorable outcome following treatment. This case underscores the importance of early recognition in cases presenting with the “white cerebellum sign”. It highlights the potential for a positive prognosis even in severe neurological conditions when appropriate interventions are promptly administered.