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The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan

Background and objective Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) provides curative treatment for several hematological illnesses. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ABO compatibility and incompatibility on outcomes and complications related to hematopoietic stem cell tra...

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Autores principales: Borhany, Munira, Ali, Muhammad Shujat, Ghias, Zainab, Abid, Madiha, Zafar, Sidra, Shamsi, Tahir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37859904
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45442
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author Borhany, Munira
Ali, Muhammad Shujat
Ghias, Zainab
Abid, Madiha
Zafar, Sidra
Shamsi, Tahir
author_facet Borhany, Munira
Ali, Muhammad Shujat
Ghias, Zainab
Abid, Madiha
Zafar, Sidra
Shamsi, Tahir
author_sort Borhany, Munira
collection PubMed
description Background and objective Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) provides curative treatment for several hematological illnesses. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ABO compatibility and incompatibility on outcomes and complications related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) performed for various hematological disorders at our center. Methodology This was a retrospective, single-center, cohort study in which patients were categorized according to the ABO match and mismatch status. The mismatch group was further subcategorized into major, minor, and bidirectional groups. Results A total of 117 patients underwent alloHSCT, out of which 82 (70.1%) were male and 35 (30%) were female. The median age of the patients was 9.5 years (range: 46 years). The most common indications for stem cell transplant were beta-thalassemia major (BTM; n=58, 49%) and aplastic anemia (AA; n=42, 35.8%). However, the outcomes in match and mismatch groups showed significant results for positive direct Coombs test (DCT), indicating the occurrence of hemolysis. Despite the increased need for blood transfusions, ABO blood group incompatibility (ABOi) had no negative impact on the clinical results. Conclusion Based on our findings, ABO incompatibility does not affect the outcomes in patients undergoing alloHSCT. Patient monitoring can aid in early detection and treatment, thereby minimizing the frequency of fatal events.
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spelling pubmed-105832262023-10-19 The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan Borhany, Munira Ali, Muhammad Shujat Ghias, Zainab Abid, Madiha Zafar, Sidra Shamsi, Tahir Cureus Other Background and objective Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) provides curative treatment for several hematological illnesses. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ABO compatibility and incompatibility on outcomes and complications related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) performed for various hematological disorders at our center. Methodology This was a retrospective, single-center, cohort study in which patients were categorized according to the ABO match and mismatch status. The mismatch group was further subcategorized into major, minor, and bidirectional groups. Results A total of 117 patients underwent alloHSCT, out of which 82 (70.1%) were male and 35 (30%) were female. The median age of the patients was 9.5 years (range: 46 years). The most common indications for stem cell transplant were beta-thalassemia major (BTM; n=58, 49%) and aplastic anemia (AA; n=42, 35.8%). However, the outcomes in match and mismatch groups showed significant results for positive direct Coombs test (DCT), indicating the occurrence of hemolysis. Despite the increased need for blood transfusions, ABO blood group incompatibility (ABOi) had no negative impact on the clinical results. Conclusion Based on our findings, ABO incompatibility does not affect the outcomes in patients undergoing alloHSCT. Patient monitoring can aid in early detection and treatment, thereby minimizing the frequency of fatal events. Cureus 2023-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10583226/ /pubmed/37859904 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45442 Text en Copyright © 2023, Borhany et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Other
Borhany, Munira
Ali, Muhammad Shujat
Ghias, Zainab
Abid, Madiha
Zafar, Sidra
Shamsi, Tahir
The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title_full The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title_fullStr The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title_short The Impact of ABO Incompatibility on the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study From Pakistan
title_sort impact of abo incompatibility on the outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center study from pakistan
topic Other
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37859904
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45442
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