Study on the control effect of local basement replacement on the stability of dump

This study focuses on effectively controlling landslides at the boundary of a soft rock open-pit dump while ensuring safe increases in the dump’s capacity and optimal utilization of external dump sites. To achieve this, the adoption of a local filling method for the dump base is proposed. By leveraging the concepts of limit equilibrium theory and equivalent shear strength parameters, the mathematical expression of the slope stability coefficient in the Morgenstern-Price method is derived and improved. This improved method is then applied to a real engineering example to determine the optimal basement replacement rate required to maintain slope stability. The findings reveal that the local filling of the base is well-suited for slopes susceptible to potential landslides associated with cutting layers, bedding layers, and swelling. For practical ease, it is advisable to choose the lowest step in the dump’s slope for construction convenience. As the local replacement rate of the base increases, the slope’s stability coefficient gradually improves, with the K-Fs ratio showing a prominent role in this process. Additionally, numerical simulation methods are employed to elucidate the mechanism of the dump’s landslide following local basement replacement, thereby providing comprehensive evidence of the engineering applicability of this method. The research results demonstrate a promising practical application prospect for effectively controlling the stability of soft base dump slopes.