Sombor topological indices for different nanostructures

Euclidean geometry is utilized to establish the Sombor graph parameter and its invariants. It is sum of all adjacent vertices in graph theory [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the degree of the vertex ϒ. Geometrical interpretation is used to describe the new Sombor indices types. We examined, recently developed Sombor indices for various nanotube Y-junctions in this article. In specifically, the first area-based Sombor index was introduced by Euclidean geometry. Angular orientation concept to construct the second, fourth, and sixth Sombor graph parameters, while third and fifth Sombor graph parameters are constructed by perimeter.