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Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global public health concern for both men and women. Spatial mapping and clustering analysis can reveal subtle patterns in IPV occurrences but are yet to be explored in Rwanda, especially at a lower small-area scale. This study seeks to examine t...

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Autores principales: Maposa, Innocent, Twabi, Halima S., Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo, Batidzirai, Jesca M, Singini, Geoffrey, Mohammed, Mohanad, Bere, Alphonce, Kgarosi, Kabelo, Mchunu, Nobuhle, Nevhungoni, Portia, Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen, Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola, Musekiwa, Alfred
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10589974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37864202
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8
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author Maposa, Innocent
Twabi, Halima S.
Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo
Batidzirai, Jesca M
Singini, Geoffrey
Mohammed, Mohanad
Bere, Alphonce
Kgarosi, Kabelo
Mchunu, Nobuhle
Nevhungoni, Portia
Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen
Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola
Musekiwa, Alfred
author_facet Maposa, Innocent
Twabi, Halima S.
Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo
Batidzirai, Jesca M
Singini, Geoffrey
Mohammed, Mohanad
Bere, Alphonce
Kgarosi, Kabelo
Mchunu, Nobuhle
Nevhungoni, Portia
Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen
Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola
Musekiwa, Alfred
author_sort Maposa, Innocent
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global public health concern for both men and women. Spatial mapping and clustering analysis can reveal subtle patterns in IPV occurrences but are yet to be explored in Rwanda, especially at a lower small-area scale. This study seeks to examine the spatial distribution, patterns, and associated factors of IPV among men and women in Rwanda. METHODS: This was a secondary data analysis of the 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) individual-level data set for 1947 women aged 15–49 years and 1371 men aged 15–59 years. A spatially structured additive logistic regression model was used to assess risk factors for IPV while adjusting for spatial effects. The district-level spatial model was adjusted for fixed covariate effects and was implemented using a fully Bayesian inference within the generalized additive mixed effects framework. RESULTS: IPV prevalence amongst women was 45.9% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 43.4–48.5%) while that for men was 18.4% (95% CI: 16.2–20.9%). Using a bivariate choropleth, IPV perpetrated against women was higher in the North-Western districts of Rwanda whereas for men it was shown to be more prevalent in the Southern districts. A few districts presented high IPV for both men and women. The spatial structured additive logistic model revealed higher odds for IPV against women mainly in the North-western districts and the spatial effects were dominated by spatially structured effects contributing 64%. Higher odds of IPV were observed for men in the Southern districts of Rwanda and spatial effects were dominated by district heterogeneity accounting for 62%. There were no statistically significant district clusters for IPV in both men or women. Women with partners who consume alcohol, and with controlling partners were at significantly higher odds of IPV while those in rich households and making financial decisions together with partners were at lower odds of experiencing IPV. CONCLUSION: Campaigns against IPV should be strengthened, especially in the North-Western and Southern parts of Rwanda. In addition, the promotion of girl-child education and empowerment of women can potentially reduce IPV against women and girls. Furthermore, couples should be trained on making financial decisions together. In conclusion, the implementation of policies and interventions that discourage alcohol consumption and control behaviour, especially among men, should be rolled out. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8.
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spelling pubmed-105899742023-10-22 Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey Maposa, Innocent Twabi, Halima S. Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo Batidzirai, Jesca M Singini, Geoffrey Mohammed, Mohanad Bere, Alphonce Kgarosi, Kabelo Mchunu, Nobuhle Nevhungoni, Portia Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola Musekiwa, Alfred BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a global public health concern for both men and women. Spatial mapping and clustering analysis can reveal subtle patterns in IPV occurrences but are yet to be explored in Rwanda, especially at a lower small-area scale. This study seeks to examine the spatial distribution, patterns, and associated factors of IPV among men and women in Rwanda. METHODS: This was a secondary data analysis of the 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) individual-level data set for 1947 women aged 15–49 years and 1371 men aged 15–59 years. A spatially structured additive logistic regression model was used to assess risk factors for IPV while adjusting for spatial effects. The district-level spatial model was adjusted for fixed covariate effects and was implemented using a fully Bayesian inference within the generalized additive mixed effects framework. RESULTS: IPV prevalence amongst women was 45.9% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 43.4–48.5%) while that for men was 18.4% (95% CI: 16.2–20.9%). Using a bivariate choropleth, IPV perpetrated against women was higher in the North-Western districts of Rwanda whereas for men it was shown to be more prevalent in the Southern districts. A few districts presented high IPV for both men and women. The spatial structured additive logistic model revealed higher odds for IPV against women mainly in the North-western districts and the spatial effects were dominated by spatially structured effects contributing 64%. Higher odds of IPV were observed for men in the Southern districts of Rwanda and spatial effects were dominated by district heterogeneity accounting for 62%. There were no statistically significant district clusters for IPV in both men or women. Women with partners who consume alcohol, and with controlling partners were at significantly higher odds of IPV while those in rich households and making financial decisions together with partners were at lower odds of experiencing IPV. CONCLUSION: Campaigns against IPV should be strengthened, especially in the North-Western and Southern parts of Rwanda. In addition, the promotion of girl-child education and empowerment of women can potentially reduce IPV against women and girls. Furthermore, couples should be trained on making financial decisions together. In conclusion, the implementation of policies and interventions that discourage alcohol consumption and control behaviour, especially among men, should be rolled out. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8. BioMed Central 2023-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10589974/ /pubmed/37864202 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Maposa, Innocent
Twabi, Halima S.
Matsena-Zingoni, Zvifadzo
Batidzirai, Jesca M
Singini, Geoffrey
Mohammed, Mohanad
Bere, Alphonce
Kgarosi, Kabelo
Mchunu, Nobuhle
Nevhungoni, Portia
Moyo-Chilufya, Maureen
Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola
Musekiwa, Alfred
Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title_full Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title_fullStr Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title_full_unstemmed Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title_short Bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
title_sort bayesian spatial modelling of intimate partner violence and associated factors among adult women and men: evidence from 2019/2020 rwanda demographic and health survey
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10589974/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37864202
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16988-8
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