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The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective

The gut is colonized by many commensal microorganisms, and the diversity and metabolic patterns of microorganisms profoundly influence the intestinal health. These microbial imbalances can lead to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Microorganisms produce byproducts that act as signa...

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Autores principales: Fu, Yifeng, Lyu, Jin, Wang, Shuangshuang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10591221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37876938
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277102
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author Fu, Yifeng
Lyu, Jin
Wang, Shuangshuang
author_facet Fu, Yifeng
Lyu, Jin
Wang, Shuangshuang
author_sort Fu, Yifeng
collection PubMed
description The gut is colonized by many commensal microorganisms, and the diversity and metabolic patterns of microorganisms profoundly influence the intestinal health. These microbial imbalances can lead to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Microorganisms produce byproducts that act as signaling molecules, triggering the immune system in the gut mucosa and controlling inflammation. For example, metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and secondary bile acids can release inflammatory-mediated signals by binding to specific receptors. These metabolites indirectly affect host health and intestinal immunity by interacting with the intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. Moreover, Tryptophan-derived metabolites also play a role in governing the immune response by binding to aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AHR) located on the intestinal mucosa, enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier. Dietary-derived indoles, which are synthetic precursors of AHR ligands, work together with SCFA and secondary bile acids to reduce stress on the intestinal epithelium and regulate inflammation. This review highlights the interaction between gut microbial metabolites and the intestinal immune system, as well as the crosstalk of dietary fiber intake in improving the host microbial metabolism and its beneficial effects on the organism.
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spelling pubmed-105912212023-10-24 The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective Fu, Yifeng Lyu, Jin Wang, Shuangshuang Front Immunol Immunology The gut is colonized by many commensal microorganisms, and the diversity and metabolic patterns of microorganisms profoundly influence the intestinal health. These microbial imbalances can lead to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Microorganisms produce byproducts that act as signaling molecules, triggering the immune system in the gut mucosa and controlling inflammation. For example, metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and secondary bile acids can release inflammatory-mediated signals by binding to specific receptors. These metabolites indirectly affect host health and intestinal immunity by interacting with the intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. Moreover, Tryptophan-derived metabolites also play a role in governing the immune response by binding to aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AHR) located on the intestinal mucosa, enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier. Dietary-derived indoles, which are synthetic precursors of AHR ligands, work together with SCFA and secondary bile acids to reduce stress on the intestinal epithelium and regulate inflammation. This review highlights the interaction between gut microbial metabolites and the intestinal immune system, as well as the crosstalk of dietary fiber intake in improving the host microbial metabolism and its beneficial effects on the organism. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10591221/ /pubmed/37876938 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277102 Text en Copyright © 2023 Fu, Lyu and Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Fu, Yifeng
Lyu, Jin
Wang, Shuangshuang
The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title_full The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title_fullStr The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title_full_unstemmed The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title_short The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
title_sort role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10591221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37876938
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277102
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