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COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses

AIMS: It has been suggested that people with mental disorders have an elevated risk to acquire severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to be disproportionally affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) once infected. We aimed to analyse the COVID-19 infection rate, course and outcome,...

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Autores principales: Molero, Patricio, Reina, Gabriel, Blom, Jan Dirk, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, Reinken, Aischa, de Kloet, E. Ronald, Molendijk, Marc L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37859501
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796023000719
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author Molero, Patricio
Reina, Gabriel
Blom, Jan Dirk
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Reinken, Aischa
de Kloet, E. Ronald
Molendijk, Marc L.
author_facet Molero, Patricio
Reina, Gabriel
Blom, Jan Dirk
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Reinken, Aischa
de Kloet, E. Ronald
Molendijk, Marc L.
author_sort Molero, Patricio
collection PubMed
description AIMS: It has been suggested that people with mental disorders have an elevated risk to acquire severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to be disproportionally affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) once infected. We aimed to analyse the COVID-19 infection rate, course and outcome, including mortality and long COVID, in people with anxiety, depressive, neurodevelopmental, schizophrenia spectrum and substance use disorders relative to control subjects without these disorders. METHODS: This study constitutes a preregistered systematic review and random-effects frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Major databases were searched up until 27 June 2023. RESULTS: Eighty-one original articles were included reporting 304 cross-sectional and prospective effect size estimates (median n per effect-size = 114837) regarding associations of interest. Infection risk was not significantly increased for any mental disorder that we investigated relative to samples of people without these disorders. The course of COVID-19, however, is relatively severe, and long COVID and COVID-19-related hospitalization are more likely in all patient samples that we investigated. The odds of dying from COVID-19 were high in people with most types of mental disorders, except for those with anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders relative to non-patient samples (pooled ORs range, 1.26–2.57). Bayesian analyses confirmed the findings from the frequentist approach and complemented them with estimates of the strength of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Once infected, people with pre-existing mental disorders are at an elevated risk for a severe COVID-19 course and outcome, including long COVID and mortality, relative to people without pre-existing mental disorders, despite an infection risk not significantly increased.
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spelling pubmed-105946442023-10-25 COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses Molero, Patricio Reina, Gabriel Blom, Jan Dirk Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel Reinken, Aischa de Kloet, E. Ronald Molendijk, Marc L. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci Original Article AIMS: It has been suggested that people with mental disorders have an elevated risk to acquire severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to be disproportionally affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) once infected. We aimed to analyse the COVID-19 infection rate, course and outcome, including mortality and long COVID, in people with anxiety, depressive, neurodevelopmental, schizophrenia spectrum and substance use disorders relative to control subjects without these disorders. METHODS: This study constitutes a preregistered systematic review and random-effects frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Major databases were searched up until 27 June 2023. RESULTS: Eighty-one original articles were included reporting 304 cross-sectional and prospective effect size estimates (median n per effect-size = 114837) regarding associations of interest. Infection risk was not significantly increased for any mental disorder that we investigated relative to samples of people without these disorders. The course of COVID-19, however, is relatively severe, and long COVID and COVID-19-related hospitalization are more likely in all patient samples that we investigated. The odds of dying from COVID-19 were high in people with most types of mental disorders, except for those with anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders relative to non-patient samples (pooled ORs range, 1.26–2.57). Bayesian analyses confirmed the findings from the frequentist approach and complemented them with estimates of the strength of evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Once infected, people with pre-existing mental disorders are at an elevated risk for a severe COVID-19 course and outcome, including long COVID and mortality, relative to people without pre-existing mental disorders, despite an infection risk not significantly increased. Cambridge University Press 2023-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10594644/ /pubmed/37859501 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796023000719 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Molero, Patricio
Reina, Gabriel
Blom, Jan Dirk
Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
Reinken, Aischa
de Kloet, E. Ronald
Molendijk, Marc L.
COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title_full COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title_fullStr COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title_short COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
title_sort covid-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37859501
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S2045796023000719
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